Background: Hormonal contraception use is common among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women. Risk of psychiatric and other noninfectious complications of hormonal contraception use has not been described in this population.
Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of HIV-infected women receiving care in Tennessee from 1998 to 2008 to examine the risks of incident psychiatric and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, and malignant diseases, and hormonal contraception use, including depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and combined estrogen- and progestin-containing hormonal contraceptives. We used marginal structural models with inverse probability weights to account for time-varying confounders associated with hormonal contraception use.
Results: Of the 392 women included, 94 (24%) used hormonal contraception during the study period. Baseline psychiatric disease was similar between women who received and did not receive hormonal contraception. There were 69 incident psychiatric diagnoses and 72 NCDs. Only time-varying DMPA use was associated with increased risk of psychiatric disease (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.70; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.32-10.4) and mood disorders, specifically (aOR 4.70 [1.87-11.8]). Time-varying and cumulative combined hormonal contraception use were not statistically associated with other NCDs (aOR 1.64, 95% CI 0.64-4.12 and aOR 1.16, 95% CI 0.86-1.56, respectively). However, risk of incident NCDs was increased with cumulative DMPA exposure (per year exposure aOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.01-2.08).
Conclusions: Among HIV-infected women, DMPA was associated with risk of incident psychiatric diseases, particularly mood disorders, during periods of use. Cumulative DMPA exposure was also associated with risk of other NCDs. However, combined estrogen and progestin-containing hormonal contraception use was not statistically associated with risk of any NCDs.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4490777 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2014.5003 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Genetic Confounding of the Association Between Age at First Hormonal Contraception and Depression.
Acta Psychiatr Scand
January 2025
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Background: Previous research has shown that females who use hormonal contraception are at increased risk of developing depression, and that the risk is highest among adolescents. While this finding could reflect age-specific effects of exogenous hormones on mental health, genetic liability for mental disorders could be confounding the association. Our goal was to test the plausibility of this hypothesis by determining whether polygenic liabilities for major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are associated with younger age at hormonal contraception initiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTesting the efficacy of hormonal male contraception: A step in the right direction.
Fertil Steril
December 2024
Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine; The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. Electronic address:
The prolonged-release oral formulations: a new era in hormonal contraception technology?
Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care
January 2025
Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health (DiNOGMI), IRCCS- San Martino Hospital of Genova, Genova, Italy.
"Estrogens and human brain networks: A systematic review of structural and functional neuroimaging studies".
Front Neuroendocrinol
December 2024
Centre for Integrative Women's Health and Gender Medicine, Medical Faculty & University Hospital Leipzig, Germany; Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1A, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Max Planck School of Cognition, Stephanstraße 1A, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Leipzig, Liebigstraße 16, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstraße 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address:
Estrogen fluctuations during the menstrual cycle, puberty, postpartum, or in the menopausal transition are associated with cognitive, affective, and behavioral effects. Additionally, estrogens are essential in hormonal contraception, menopausal hormone therapy, or gender-affirming hormone therapy. This systematic review summarizes findings on the role of estrogens for structure, function, and connectivity of human brain networks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBARRIERS TO PRESCRIPTION OF HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION AND HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY IN GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER SURVIVORS: RESULTS OF A SURVEY AND LITERATURE REVIEW.
J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod
December 2024
Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Portuguese Gynecologic Oncology Section of the Portuguese Society of Gynecology. Electronic address:
Background: The incidence of gynecological cancers in premenopausal women is increasing, highlighting issues related to Hormonal Contraception (HC) and Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT). However, the presence of hormonal receptors in many gynecological cancers complicates HC and HRT prescriptions.
Objective: To identify barriers experienced by gynecologists in prescribing HC and HRT to gynecological cancer survivors, with a secondary objective of conducting a literature review on the safety of these prescriptions.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!