[Optimal permeability of aquaporins: a question of shape?].

Aquaporins are transmembrane proteins, ubiquitous in the human body. Inserted into the cell membranes, they play an important role in filtration, absorption and secretion of fluids. However, the excellent compromise between selectivity and permeability of aquaporins remains elusive. In this review, we focus on the hourglass shape of aquaporins, and we investigate its influence on water permeability, using numerical calculations and a simple theoretical model. We show that there is an optimum opening angle that maximizes the hydrodynamic permeability, and whose value is close to the angles observed in aquaporins.