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Rotavirus-Specific Maternal Serum Antibodies and Vaccine Responses to RV3-BB Rotavirus Vaccine Administered in a Neonatal or Infant Schedule in Malawi.
Viruses
September 2024
Enteric Diseases, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
High titres of rotavirus-specific maternal antibodies may contribute to lower rotavirus vaccine efficacy in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). RV3-BB vaccine (G3P[6]) is based on a neonatal rotavirus strain that replicates well in the newborn gut in the presence of breast milk. This study investigated the association between maternal serum antibodies and vaccine response in infants administered the RV3-BB vaccine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGalacto-oligosaccharides fed during gestation increase Rotavirus A specific antibodies in sow colostrum, modulate the microbiome, and reduce infectivity in neonatal piglets in a commercial farm setting.
Front Vet Sci
February 2023
Division of Microbiology, Brewing, and Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom.
Introduction: Rotavirus A is a major cause of acute dehydrating diarrhea in neonatal pigs resulting in significant mortality, morbidity, reduced performance and economic loss. Commercially available prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides are similar to those of mammalian milk and stimulate the development of the microbiota and immune system in neonates. Little is known about the effects of supplementing sows' diets with galacto-oligosaccharides during gestation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTLR genetic variation is associated with Rotavirus-specific IgA seroconversion in South African Black infants after two doses of Rotarix vaccine.
Vaccine
November 2021
School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Witwatersrand, Jhb, South Africa. Electronic address:
Live oral rotavirus vaccines have significantly reduced rotavirus-related diarrheal morbidity and mortality globally, but low efficacy of these vaccines is observed in low-income countries where disease burden is highest. The biological basis of rotavirus vaccine failure remains unknown but likely includes both microbial and host factors. We investigated associations between 19 candidate SNPs in the TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, DDX58 and IFIH1 genes that play a role in innate immunity, and seroconversion in Black South African infants after vaccination with Rotarix at 6 and 14 weeks of age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersistence of Maternal Anti-Rotavirus Immunoglobulin G in the Post-Rotavirus Vaccine Era.
J Infect Dis
July 2021
Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
To assess whether titers of anti-rotavirus immunoglobulin G persist during the post-rotavirus vaccine era, the Pediatric Respiratory and Enteric Virus Acquisition and Immunogenesis Longitudinal (PREVAIL) Cohort analyzed serum samples collected from Cincinnati-area mothers and young infants in 2017-2018. Rotavirus-specific antibodies continue to be transferred from US mothers to their offspring in the post-rotavirus vaccine era, despite dramatic decreases in childhood rotavirus gastroenteritis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntracellular neutralisation of rotavirus by VP6-specific IgG.
PLoS Pathog
August 2020
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Rotavirus is a major cause of gastroenteritis in children, with infection typically inducing high levels of protective antibodies. Antibodies targeting the middle capsid protein VP6 are particularly abundant, and as VP6 is only exposed inside cells, neutralisation must be post-entry. However, while a system of poly immune globulin receptor (pIgR) transcytosis has been proposed for anti-VP6 IgAs, the mechanism by which VP6-specific IgG mediates protection remains less clear.
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