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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13224-014-0628-y | DOI Listing |
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Department of Health Behavior and Health Equity, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, United States.
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Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Keck Medical Center of University of Southern California. 1520 San Pablo Street HCT 4300, Los Angeles, California, 90033. Electronic address:
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: In developed countries, stroke is the fifth cause of death, with a high mortality rate, and with recovery to normal neurological function in one-third of survivors. Atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the extracranial part of the internal carotid artery and related embolic complications are common preventable causes of ischemic stroke (IS), attributable to 7-18% of all first-time cases. Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a soluble member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily, is considered a modulator of vascular calcification linked to vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and collagen production in atherosclerotic plaques.
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