The interaction between viral structural proteins and host plays key functions in viral infection. In previous studies, most research have been undertaken to explore the interaction of envelope structural proteins with host molecules. However, how the nucleocapsid proteins of WSSV interacted with host molecules remained largely unknown. In this study, the interaction of nucleocapsid protein VP51 and ribosomal protein L7 of Litopenaeus vannamei (LvRPL7) was reported. Furthermore, the mRNA transcriptional response of LvRPL7 to WSSV was investigated. The results showed that LvRPL7 was widely distributed in all analyzed tissues of L. vannamei. The high expression levels of LvRPL7 were found in the tissues of muscle and gills. The temporal expression of LvRPL7 in WSSV-challenged shrimp showed that LvRPL7 was up-regulated (P < 0.5) in the muscle at 8 h and 24 h post WSSV challenge and then restored to the normal levels. But the LvRPL7 expression was up-regulated (P < 0.5) in the hepatopancreas at 8 h post WSSV challenge and down-regulated at 12 h and 24 h post WSSV challenge. Indirect immunofluorescence assay indicated that LvRPL7 was mainly located on the surface and cytoplasm of hemocytes. Far-Western blotting showed that VP51 bound with LvRPL7. Moreover, ELISA results appeared that LvRPL7 interacted with VP51 in concentration dependent manner. Neutralization assay in vivo showed that anti-LvRPL7 antibody significantly delayed WSSV infection. Our results reveal that LvRPL7 was involved in WSSV infection.
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