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Biomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Background: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity is crucial for brain homeostasis and maintenance. This is a pilot study to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of several proteins implicated in BBB integrity, such as aquaporin-4 (AQP4), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFRβ), human major facilitator superfamily domain containing protein 2A (MFSD2A), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and Fibrinogen, for assessing BBB integrity.
Method: CSF samples were collected from 100 participants (36 [36%] female and 64 males [64%]; mean [SD] age, 73,34 [9,05] years).
Impact of Glucocorticoid-Associated Stress-Like Conditions on Aquaporin-4 in Cultured Astrocytes and Its Modulation by Adenosine A Receptors.
J Neurochem
January 2025
FMUC-Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Article Synopsis
- Astrocytes help clear proteins and waste in the brain using aquaporin-4 (AQP4), which can be disrupted in stress-related disorders.
- Dexamethasone (Dexa), a glucocorticoid used to model stress, was found to reduce the activity of AQP4 and its associated proteins in astrocytes, leading to impaired protein clearance.
- The study suggests that blocking adenosine A receptors (AR) can restore AQP4 function and clearance, indicating a potential therapeutic strategy to address neurological disorders linked to stress and protein accumulation.
Distinctive roles of aquaporins and novel therapeutic opportunities against cancer.
RSC Med Chem
December 2024
College of Pharmacy, Gachon University Hambakmoeiro 191, Yeonsu-gu Incheon 21924 Republic of Korea +82 32 820 4948 +82 32 820 4945.
Aquaporins (AQPs) are integral membrane proteins responsible for facilitating the transmembrane transport of water and small solutes. Their involvement in diverse physiological functions extends to pathological conditions, including cancer, positioning them as promising targets for anticancer therapy. Tumor cells, particularly those with high metastatic potential, exhibit elevated AQP expression, reinforcing their critical role in tumor biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyelinated Glial Cells: Their Proposed Role in Waste Clearance and Neurodegeneration in Arachnid and Human Brain.
J Comp Neurol
November 2024
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, MD College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
One of the most important goals in biomedical sciences is understanding the causal mechanisms of neurodegeneration. A prevalent hypothesis relates to impaired waste clearance mechanisms from the brain due to reported waste aggregation in the brains of Alzheimer patients, including amyloid-β plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles. Currently, our understanding of the mechanisms by which waste is removed from the brain is only fragmentary.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAstrocytic proteins involved in regulation of the extracellular environment are increased in the Alzheimer's disease middle temporal gyrus.
Neurobiol Dis
January 2025
Centre for Brain Research and Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has complex pathophysiology involving numerous cell types and brain processes. Astrocyte involvement in AD is gaining increased attention, however a complete characterisation of astrocytic changes in the AD human brain is warranted. Astrocytes perform important homeostatic functions including regulation of the extracellular microenvironment, critical for the health of all brain cells.
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