The affine and Euclidean normalizers of the subperiodic groups, the frieze groups, the rod groups and the layer groups, are derived and listed. For the layer groups, the special metrics used for plane-group Euclidean normalizers have been considered.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S2053273314024395 | DOI Listing |
Entropy (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Physics and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Condensed Matter Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
We show that the theory of quantum statistical mechanics is a special model in the framework of the quantum probability theory developed by mathematicians, by extending the characteristic function in the classical probability theory to the quantum probability theory. As dynamical variables of a quantum system must respect certain commutation relations, we take the group generated by a Lie algebra constructed with these commutation relations as the bridge, so that the classical characteristic function defined in a Euclidean space is transformed to a normalized, non-negative definite function defined in this group. Indeed, on the quantum side, this group-theoretical characteristic function is equivalent to the density matrix; hence, it can be adopted to represent the state of a quantum ensemble.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
December 2024
School of Future Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
In the cultivation of green chili peppers, the similarity between the fruit and background color, along with severe occlusion between fruits and leaves, significantly reduces the efficiency of harvesting robots. While increasing model depth can enhance detection accuracy, complex models are often difficult to deploy on low-cost agricultural devices. This paper presents an improved lightweight Pepper-YOLO model based on YOLOv8n-Pose, designed for simultaneous detection of green chili peppers and picking points.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Phys
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Background: High-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy using Iridium-192 as a radiation source is widely employed in cancer treatment to deliver concentrated radiation doses while minimizing normal tissue exposure. In this treatment, the precision with which the sealed radioisotope source is delivered significantly impacts clinical outcomes.
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a new four-dimensional (4D) in vivo source tracking and treatment verification system for HDR brachytherapy using a patient-specific approach.
Entropy (Basel)
December 2024
Institute for Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, P.O. Box 510119, 01314 Dresden, Germany.
We present a synchronization transition study of the locally coupled Kuramoto model on extremely large graphs. We compare regular 405 and 1004 lattice results with those of 12,0002 lattice substrates with power-law decaying long links (ll). The latter heterogeneous network exhibits ds>4 spectral dimensions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeural Netw
January 2025
School of Big Data and Computer Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown remarkable achievements and have been extensively applied in various downstream tasks, such as node classification and community detection. However, recent studies have demonstrated that GNNs are vulnerable to subtle adversarial perturbations on graphs, including node injection attacks, which negatively affect downstream tasks. Existing node injection attacks have mainly focused on the limited local nodes, neglecting the analysis of the whole graph which restricts the attack's ability.
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