A compilation of procedures for planning and performing X-ray Raman scattering (XRS) experiments and analyzing data obtained from them is presented. In particular, it is demonstrated how to predict the overall shape of the spectra, estimate detection limits for dilute samples, and how to normalize the recorded spectra to absolute units. In addition, methods for processing data from multiple-crystal XRS spectrometers with imaging capability are presented, including a super-resolution method that can be used for direct tomography using XRS spectra as the contrast. An open-source software package with these procedures implemented is also made available.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600577514027581 | DOI Listing |
Int J Surg
January 2025
Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Background: The inclusion of clinical frailty in the assessment of patients planned for major surgery has proven to be an independent predictor of outcome. Since approximately half of all patients in the UK diagnosed with oesophagogastric (OG) cancer are over 75 years of age, assessment of frailty may be important in selection for surgery.
Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study applied the Hospital Frailty Risk Score to data obtained from the NHS Secondary Uses Service electronic database for patients aged 75 years or older undergoing oesophagectomy and gastrectomy between April 2017 and March 2020.
Cureus
December 2024
Pharmacy Practice, Ziauddin University, Karachi, PAK.
Background: All recent advances in healthcare, including diagnostics, surveillance, management, and disease prevention, have depended on good-quality research that has brought new information to light. Therefore, in Pakistan, it is important to develop good research skills as, for many years, our physicians have relied on research knowledge from the Western world, which does not necessarily provide solutions to a developing country. Considering the gap in research knowledge among young doctors, the study was planned to compare the research knowledge of postgrad trainees of clinical and basic health sciences (BHS) of private tertiary care hospitals in Karachi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
December 2024
Laboratório de Ecologia de Sedimentos, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil.
Submerged or partially floating seagrasses in marine or brackish waters form productive seagrass beds, feeding grounds for a rich and varied associated biota, play key ecological roles in mitigating climate change and provide ecosystem services for humanity. The objective of this study was to perform a temporal quali- and quantitative analysis on the scientific production on seagrasses in the Atlantic Ocean during last 64 years (1960 to 2024) through defined workflow by scientometric analysis on Scopus database. Publications in this database date back to 1969, comprising a total of 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEClinicalMedicine
August 2024
Section Health Equity Studies & Migration, Department of Primary Care and Health Services Research, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
Background: Evidence amounted early that migrants, who are often side-lined in pandemic response or preparedness plans, are disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences. However, synthesised evidence that quantifies the magnitude of inequalities in infection risk, disease outcomes, consequences of pandemic measures or that explains the underlying mechanisms is lacking.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review searching 25 databases and grey literature (12/2019 to 09/2023) and considered empirical articles covering migrants, refugees, asylum-seekers, and internally displaced persons reporting COVID-19 cases, hospitalisation, ICU admission, mortality, COVID-19 vaccination rates or health consequences of pandemic measures.
The shoulder joint complex is prone to musculoskeletal issues, such as rotator cuff-related pain, which affect two-thirds of adults and often result in suboptimal treatment outcomes. Current musculoskeletal models used to understand shoulder biomechanics are limited by challenges in personalization, inaccuracies in predicting joint and muscle loads, and an inability to simulate anatomically accurate motions. To address these deficiencies, we developed a novel, personalized modeling framework capable of calibrating subject-specific joint centers and functional axes for the shoulder complex.
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