Aim: To analyze the data of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain in its toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients.
Subject And Methods: The clinical picture of cerebral toxoplasmosis was studied in 207 patients aged 18-76 years with Stage 4B HIV infection concurrent with the disease. Brain MRI using an Obraz-1 low-field (0.12 T) MRI scanner (Russia) was carried out in 115 (55.5%) patients. This investigation was conducted in 74 (65%) treated patients over time.
Results: Brain T2-weighted and FLAR MRI scans most frequently revealed higher-signal polymorphic foci and T1-weighted MRI scans showed lower-signal ones predominantly involving the white matter or white-grey matter border. Perifocal edema was often recorded. Intravenous gadolinium contrast study indicated that these foci accumulated the contrast agent around the periphery following the target patterns. Sixty-four (86.5%) patients were observed to have significant positive changes: reductions in the number and sizes of foci and the area of perifocal edema; in 29 patients, the inflammatory foci changed into cysts as a favorable outcome of necrotizing encephalitis. The foci resolved completely only in 7% of the patients.
Conclusion: MRI is of great importance in intensive care, neurology, or neurosurgery units where patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis mimicking an acute cerebrovascular accident or a brain tumor are particularly frequently admitted to.
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Cells
December 2024
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
We recently identified that the cerebral mRNA expression of inducible costimulator (ICOS) and its ligand, ICOSL, both significantly increase during the elimination of cysts from the brains of infected mice by the perforin-mediated cytotoxic activity of CD8 T cells. In the present study, we examined the role of ICOS in activating the effector activity of CD8 T cells in response to the presence of cysts in infected mice. Following the adoptive transfer of splenic CD8 T cells from chronically infected ICOS-deficient (ICOS) and wild-type (WT) mice to infected SCID mice, fewer CD8 T cells were detected in the brains of the recipients of ICOS CD8 T cells than the recipients of WT CD8 T cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Infect Dis
December 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
Neurol India
November 2024
Associate Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Parasites Hosts Dis
November 2024
Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul 03080, Korea.
This study aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with toxoplasmosis in Korea. We collected and analyzed the specific research data of 5,917 patients from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA; 2007-2020) and 533 electronic medical records (EMRs; 2003-2021) of Korean patients. The HIRA data showed that toxoplasmosis is an endemic disease that occurs constantly in Korea, with a large proportion of patients complaining of ocular symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogens
November 2024
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.
is an Apicomplexan parasite that is estimated to infect at least one-third of the global human population. infection may be transmitted horizontally or vertically. The main risk factors for transmission to humans are related to diet, especially the consumption of undercooked meat, along with soil contact.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!