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Disrupted NAD(P) Metabolism and Xanthine Dehydrogenase in a Stress-Induced Rat Model of Depression: NMR Metabolomics Insights.
Metabolites
November 2024
School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China.
: Clinical findings have shown a negative correlation between the severity of depressive symptoms and serum uric acid levels in men, yet the role of metabolic regulation in the pathophysiology of depression remains largely unknown. : In this study, we utilized an acute restraint-stress-induced male rat model of depression to investigate biochemical changes through NMR-based metabolomics combined with serum biochemical analysis. Additionally, we employed qPCR, immunoblotting, and enzyme activity assays to assess the expression and activity of xanthine oxidoreductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in uric acid production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCompetitive Antagonism of Xylazine on α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Reversal by Curcuminoids.
ACS Chem Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States.
Co-use of xylazine with opioids is a major health threat in the United States. However, a critical knowledge gap exists in the understanding of xylazine-induced pharmacological and pathological impact. Xylazine is mostly known as an agonist of α2-adrenergic receptors (α2-ARs), but its deleterious effects on humans cannot be fully reversed by the α2-AR antagonists, suggesting the possibility that xylazine targets receptors other than α2-ARs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmbryonic exposure to acetamiprid insecticide induces CD68-positive microglia and Purkinje cell arrangement abnormalities in the cerebellum of neonatal rats.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
December 2024
Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; Center for Diversity and Inclusion, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441-8580, Japan. Electronic address:
Concerns have been raised regarding acetamiprid (ACE), a neonicotinoid insecticide, due to its potential neurodevelopmental toxicity. ACE, which is structurally similar to nicotine, acts as an agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and resists degradation by acetylcholinesterase. Furthermore, ACE has been reported to disrupt neuronal transmission and induce developmental neurotoxicity and ataxia in animal models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring New Structures of Kinase Inhibitors and Multitarget Strategies in Alzheimer's Disease Treatment.
Protein Pept Lett
December 2024
Department of Pharm. Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatments currently available have ineffective results. Previously employed Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors and memantine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, target a single target structure that plays a complex role in the multifactorial progression of disease. Memantine moderates the toxic effects of excessive glutamate activity by blocking NMDA receptors, which decreases neurotoxicity in AD, while acetylcholine esterase inhibitors function by blocking cholinergic receptors (muscarinic and nicotinic), preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine, thereby enhancing cholinergic transmission, thus improving cognitive functions in mild to moderate stages of AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy of the association of niacin and vitamin B6 intake with endometriosis: Evidence from NHANES 2003-2006.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet
December 2024
Department of General Gynecology, Shanghai Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between dietary intake of niacin and vitamin B6 and the prevalence of endometriosis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from women aged 25-45 years in the 2003-2006 NHANES. Niacin and vitamin B6 intake were assessed using 24-h dietary recalls, and endometriosis status was determined by self-report.
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