AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates brain deformation in hydrocephalus and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) using an anatomical porohyperelastic finite element model.
- The model analyzes the mechanical stress on brain tissue for both disorders, highlighting differences in tissue response, such as edema location and volumetric strain patterns.
- Findings confirm that the model closely aligns with clinical features seen in MR images, enhancing understanding of pressure gradients and cerebrospinal fluid absorption's role in brain deformation.
Article Abstract
Object: Brain deformation can be seen in hydrocephalus and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) via medical images. The phenomenology of local effects, brain shift, and raised intracranial pressure and herniation are textbook concepts. However, there are still uncertainties regarding the specific processes that occur when brain tissue is subject to the mechanical stress of different temporal and spatial profiles of the 2 neurological disorders. Moreover, recent studies suggest that IIH and hydrocephalus may be diseases with opposite pathogenesis. Nevertheless, the similarities and differences between the 2 subjects have not been thoroughly investigated.
Methods: An anatomical porohyperelastic finite element model was used to assess the brain tissue responses associated with hydrocephalus and IIH. The same set of boundary conditions, with the exception of brain loading for development of the transmantle pressure gradient, was applied for the 2 models. The distribution of stress and strain during tissue distortion is described by the mechanical parameters.
Results: The results of both the hydrocephalus and IIH models correlated with pathological characteristics. For the hydrocephalus model, periventricular edema was associated with the presence of positive volumetric strain and void ratio in the lateral ventricle horns. By contrast, the IIH model revealed edema across the cerebral mantle, including the centrum semiovale, with a positive void ratio and volumetric strain.
Conclusions: The model simulates all the clinical features in correlation with the MR images obtained in patients with hydrocephalus and IIH, thus providing support for the role of the transmantle pressure gradient and capillary CSF absorption in CSF-related brain deformation. The finite element methods can be used for a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of neurological disorders associated with parenchymal volumetric fluctuation.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.12.JNS14516 | DOI Listing |
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