Six controlled-release personal-use topical insect/arthropod repellent formulations of diethylmethylbenzamide (deet) were evaluated in an environmental chamber on volunteers for repellency against the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Ae. taeniorhynchus under three climatic regimens: basic variable high humidity (tropical environment), basic constant high humidity (forested and wet environment) and basic hot (hot-dry environment). The best protection under all the climatic regimens was provided by the Biotek formulation. In a tropical environment, some formulations induced more biting from mosquitoes than the concurrent untreated control in the late hours of the testing. Repellency was not directly related to the deet concentration in the various controlled-release repellent formulations.
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Insects
November 2024
Łukasiewicz Research Network-Lodz Institute of Technology, Skłodowskiej-Curie 19/27 St., 90-570 Łódź, Poland.
Background: Ticks (Acari: Ixodida) pose a serious medical and veterinary threat as vectors of tick-borne pathogens. The wide variety of tick repellents available on the market primarily consist of synthetic preparations that may disrupt the ecological balance and accumulate in the environment, leading to harmful effects on humans and animals. The aim of the study was to develop an ecological preparation based on natural raw materials (biopolymers) with the addition of a mixture of essential oils that act as tick repellents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Comput Biol
December 2024
Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid tumour in children. Over half of all high-risk cases are expected to succumb to the disease even after chemotherapy, surgery, and immunotherapy. Although the importance of MYCN amplification in this disease is indisputable, the mechanistic details remain enigmatic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan.
Biomimetic periodic structures have garnered attention due to their excellent water repellency. The normal-taper angle, which is aspects of the cross-sectional structure, is important factor in achieving water repellency and pressure resistance; however, the underlying physical phenomenon has not been fully explained. Moreover, once a surface becomes hydrophobic, it is difficult to measure the apparent contact angle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
November 2024
National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
Kunth (Piperaceae) essential oil (EO) was evaluated for its toxicity and repellency against red imported fire ants (RIFA), Buren, and a hybrid (HIFA) of red ( and black ( Forel) imported fire ants. Through bioactivity-guided fractionation, two major components, elemicin and myristicin, were isolated from the EO. Removal of treated sand in a digging bioassay was used as the criterion for repellency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPest Manag Sci
February 2025
Syngenta AG, Basel, Switzerland.
Background: Isoxazolines inhibit γ-aminobutyric acid chloride channels in insects and acarids by binding to postsynaptic receptors. This prevents chloride influx, leading to depolarization/hyperexcitation, paralysis, and death. Here, we evaluated the potential utility of a novel isoxazoline, isocycloseram, against several urban insect pests.
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