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Climate change forces new ecological states in tropical Andean lakes. | LitMetric

Climate change forces new ecological states in tropical Andean lakes.

PLoS One

Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab (PEARL), Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.

Published: January 2016

AI Article Synopsis

  • Air temperatures in the tropical Andes are rising faster than the global average, impacting the region's alpine lakes, which are crucial for biodiversity and local water supply.
  • Research shows that recent climate changes have altered these lakes ecologically and physically, especially as glaciers in the area shrink.
  • Sediment analysis from three lakes reveals significant shifts in plankton populations linked to rising temperatures and changing water dynamics, indicating that these lakes may have crossed critical ecological thresholds with serious implications for water resources.

Article Abstract

Air temperatures in the tropical Andes have risen at an accelerated rate relative to the global average over recent decades. However, the effects of climate change on Andean lakes, which are vital to sustaining regional biodiversity and serve as an important water resource to local populations, remain largely unknown. Here, we show that recent climate changes have forced alpine lakes of the equatorial Andes towards new ecological and physical states, in close synchrony to the rapid shrinkage of glaciers regionally. Using dated sediment cores from three lakes in the southern Sierra of Ecuador, we record abrupt increases in the planktonic thalassiosiroid diatom Discostella stelligera from trace abundances to dominance within the phytoplankton. This unprecedented shift occurs against the backdrop of rising temperatures, changing atmospheric pressure fields, and declining wind speeds. Ecological restructuring in these lakes is linked to warming and/or enhanced water column stratification. In contrast to seasonally ice-covered Arctic and temperate alpine counterparts, aquatic production has not increased universally with warming, and has even declined in some lakes, possibly because enhanced thermal stability impedes the re-circulation of hypolimnetic nutrients to surface waters. Our results demonstrate that these lakes have already passed important ecological thresholds, with potentially far-reaching consequences for Andean water resources.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4315470PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0115338PLOS

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