The development of boronic probes enabled reliable detection and quantitative analysis of hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite. The major product, in which boronate moiety of the probe is replaced by the hydroxyl group, is however common for both oxidants. Here, we describe how ortho-isomer of mitochondria-targeted phenylboronic acid can be used to detect and differentiate peroxynitrite-dependent and peroxynitrite-independent probe oxidation. This method highlights the detection and quantification of both the major, phenolic product and the minor, peroxynitrite-specific nitrated product of probe oxidation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2257-4_16 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: Oxidative stress, which refers to an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and the body's antioxidant defense mechanisms, is implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases by promoting cellular damage, inflammation, and dysfunction. Numerous methods have been reported for detecting ROS/RNS in vitro and in vivo; however, detecting methods for the secondary products of the ROS/RNS reactions, particularly quasi-stable oxidized products, have been much less explored.
Method: In this report, we discovered that acetylacetone, a core moiety of curcumins, is a new scaffold for generating chemiluminescence in the presence of oxidants.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Physiopathology in Aging Laboratory (LIM-22), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Background: The Neuromodulatory Subcortical System (NSS) consists of nuclei exhibiting early vulnerability to tauopathies, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Within the NSS, there is a spectrum of vulnerability that becomes apparent in the earliest stages of AD, offering a chance to probe factors underlying vulnerability to AD.
Method: In this study, we applied bulk RNA sequencing in well-characterized postmortem human tissue from n = 22 cases at early (Braak 0-III) AD-tau stages to understand why this susceptibility gradient exists by examining two nuclei with very similar neurons but differing in their vulnerability to AD the locus coeruleus (LC) and substantia nigra (SN).
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India.
Background: Various studies have evidenced the neuroprotective role of SIRT1 activator. However, whether SIRT1 activator, Piceatannol pharmacological treatment is protective in chronic unpredictable stress induced memory dysfunction remains unknown. Therefore, this study design included testing the hypothesis that Piceatannol administered in chronic unpredictable stress induced memory dysfunction mice shows protective effects, explores & probes underlying the activation of SIRT1 pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRedox Biochem Chem
December 2024
Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States.
Peroxynitrite (ONOO/ONOOH) is a short-lived but highly reactive species that is formed in the diffusion-controlled reaction between nitric oxide and the superoxide radical anion. It can oxidize certain biomolecules and has been considered as a key cellular oxidant formed under various pathophysiological conditions. It is crucial to selectively detect and quantify ONOO to determine its role in biological processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Transl Med
January 2025
Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine / Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
Background: Skeletal muscle injury caused by excessive exercise is one of the most commonly seen clinical diseases. It is indispensable to explore drugs for treating and relieving skeletal muscle injury. Gallic acid (GA) is a polyphenolic extract that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant biological activities.
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