A immunofluorescence microtip sensor was developed for specific detection of Mycobacterium cells in sputum samples by the combination of electric field, streaming flow, and immuno-affinity binding. The detection limit was 200 CFU/mL in human sputum, which was comparable to PCR but without requiring bacteriological culture, centrifugation, or nucleic acid amplification. In spite of the complex nature of physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms, the simple operation of "dipping and withdrawal" of tips will allow for screening by minimally trained personnel within 30 min. In addition, the minimal power requirement (5 W) combined with low assay cost is ideal for point-of-care (POC) screening in resource-limited settings.
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Immunofluorescence microtip sensor for point-of-care tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis.
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Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
A immunofluorescence microtip sensor was developed for specific detection of Mycobacterium cells in sputum samples by the combination of electric field, streaming flow, and immuno-affinity binding. The detection limit was 200 CFU/mL in human sputum, which was comparable to PCR but without requiring bacteriological culture, centrifugation, or nucleic acid amplification. In spite of the complex nature of physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms, the simple operation of "dipping and withdrawal" of tips will allow for screening by minimally trained personnel within 30 min.
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A rapid, accurate tuberculosis diagnostic tool that is compatible with the needs of tuberculosis-endemic settings is a long-sought goal. An immunofluorescence microtip sensor is described that detects Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex cells in sputum in 25 minutes. Concentration mechanisms based on flow circulation and electric field are combined at different scales to concentrate target bacteria in 1 mL samples onto the surfaces of microscale tips.
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