Optimizing new generations of two-dimensional devices based on van der Waals materials will require techniques capable of measuring variations in electronic properties in situ and with nanometer spatial resolution. We perform scanning microwave microscopy (SMM) imaging of single layers of MoS2 and n- and p-doped WSe2. By controlling the sample charge carrier concentration through the applied tip bias, we are able to reversibly control and optimize the SMM contrast to image variations in electronic structure and the localized effects of surface contaminants. By further performing tip bias-dependent point spectroscopy together with finite element simulations, we distinguish the effects of the quantum capacitance and determine the local dominant charge carrier species and dopant concentration. These results underscore the capability of SMM for the study of 2D materials to image, identify, and study electronic defects.
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Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Externalizing traits and behaviors are broadly defined by impairments in self-regulation and impulse control that typically begin in childhood and adolescence. Externalizing behaviors, traits, and symptoms span a range of traditional psychiatric diagnostic categories. In this study, we sought to generate an algorithm that could reliably identify transdiagnostic childhood-onset externalizing cases and controls within a university hospital electronic health record (EHR) database.
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December 2024
Service de pneumologie, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France.
Introduction: Pulmonary airway dystrophy (PAD) is a rare disease that may be either innate or acquired. Very few publications have been dedicated to the repercussions of the air pressure variations that may be encountered during an airplane journey in a pressurized cabin, an aerial tramway ascent or a stay in a high-altitude setting. Variations may also occur during deep-sea diving with modification of absolute air pressure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pediatr Surg
December 2024
Golisano Children's Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA.
Background: Gastrostomy tube (GT) placement is one of the most common procedures performed by pediatric surgeons; however, no current national clinical data registry exists to assess GT-specific care processes and morbidity. The American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatric (NSQIPPed) GT Pilot was created to provide participants with these data. This study aims to analyze these data to identify variability in perioperative practices and post-operative morbidity in pediatric GT operations and to provide targets for future quality improvement (QI) interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
December 2024
Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília, 70910-970 Brasília, DF, Brazil. Electronic address:
Soil heavy metal (HM) contamination is a major concern in agricultural lands due to its potential to enter the food chain and its adverse health effects. Remediation materials such as biochar (BC) and zeolites (ZE) have been studied for their potential to mitigate risks associated with soil HM contamination. This meta-analysis evaluates changes in the availability of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn following the application of BC and ZE to soil, whether applied individually, in combination (BC+ZE), or with additives (BC+ZE+A).
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December 2024
NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576. Electronic address:
The hydraulic conditions vary significantly across different segments of the drinking water distribution system (DWDS), leading to distinct variations in water quality throughout the system. Understanding these changes in water quality and biofilm development over time is crucial for enhancing drinking water management efficiency. This study focused on replicating the hydraulic conditions found in transmission and distribution pipelines within a specific pipeline path of the DWDS in Singapore using a biofilm annular reactor series system (BARSS).
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