Aim: The early identification of at-risk extremely preterm (EPT) children could improve long-term outcomes. This study sought to investigate sex differences in developmental outcomes and to identify sex-specific predictors at two and a half years of age.
Methods: We assessed 217 boys and 181 girls born before 27-week gestation using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition (Bayley-III), as a part of the Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden Study. Sex-specific differences were calculated. Socio-economic, birth and neonatal factors were calculated separately for boys and girls using regression models.
Results: Girls scored significantly higher than boys on all Bayley-III indices. In both sexes, brain injury, long-term ventilator treatment and foreign-born mothers predicted lower scores. Receiving breast milk by hospital discharge predicted higher scores. Severe retinopathy of prematurity was the strongest predictor of cognitive and language deficits in boys. High parental education predicted higher cognitive and language scores in girls, whereas severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia was the strongest predictor of motor deficits.
Conclusion: Extreme prematurity seems to affect boys more than girls. Socio-economic and neonatal factors confer similar risks or protections on both sexes, but some variables pose sex-specific risks. An awareness of risk factors may provide the basis for treatment and follow-up guidelines.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apa.12937 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Using routine data to examine factors associated with stillbirth in three tertiary maternity facilities in Kabul, Afghanistan.
Reprod Health
January 2025
Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Background: Over one-third of the global stillbirth burden occurs in countries affected by conflict or a humanitarian crisis, including Afghanistan. Stillbirth rates in Afghanistan remained high in 2021 at over 26 per 1000 births. Stillbirths have devastating physical, psycho-social and economic impacts on women, families and healthcare providers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrimary respiratory support of extremely preterm neonates in the Netherlands: a national survey.
Early Hum Dev
December 2024
Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Introduction: Non-invasive respiratory support strategies have evolved to avoid bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. However, consensus on the best treatment strategy remains lacking. This study aims to investigate current practices and variations in primary respiratory support for extremely preterm neonates across neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the Netherlands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral Commissure Ulcer in an Extremely Preterm Infant: A Complication of Endotracheal Tube Fixation at Contralateral Oral Commissure During Lateral Positioning.
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, JPN.
Lip ulcers associated with endotracheal tube fixation are a known complication in adults, but their prevalence in neonates and preterm infants remains unclear. We report a case of a right oral commissure ulcer that developed during endotracheal tube fixation at the right oral commissure and left lateral decubitus positioning in an extremely preterm infant with unilateral pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE). A male infant was born at 24 weeks and four days of gestation, weighing 696 gm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOropharyngeal Colostrum Administration in Premature Infants: Impact on Immune Status and Incidence of Common Morbidities.
Int J Prev Med
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Child Health Promotion Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates whether giving colostrum orally to preterm infants immediately after birth has benefits beyond standard feeding practices, particularly its effects on immune function and clinical outcomes.
- In a randomized trial with 60 preterm infants, those receiving oropharyngeal colostrum showed a significant increase in urinary IgA levels over 15 days, while those given distilled water did not.
- Despite the positive impact on IgA levels, there were no significant differences in serious health issues like late onset sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis between the two groups, highlighting the need for further research on the clinical implications of increased IgA.
Maternal and neonatal outcomes following resuscitative hysterotomy for out of hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review.
Resuscitation
December 2024
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital B9 5SS UK; Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL.
Objective: To examine maternal and neonatal outcomes following Resuscitative Hysterotomy for out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and to compare with timing from cardiac arrest to delivery.
Methods: The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023445064). Studies included pregnant women with out of hospital cardiac arrest and resuscitative hysterotomy performed (in any setting) during cardiac arrest.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!