A response time as short as 5.4 ms and an exponential gain coefficient as large as 1795.0 cm(-1) were obtained in C(60) doped 4,4'-n-pentylcyanobiphenyl liquid crystal cells sandwiched with two indium tin oxide glass plates coated with nanoscale photoconductive ZnSe films, which is believed to be facilitating charge-carrier generation and transportation and, hence, to be responsible for the fast response rate. The surface-mediated photorefractive effect and the ZnSe interlayers were both behind the high gain coefficients. The two-dimensional diffraction patterns observed in our system are also discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.53.008456 | DOI Listing |
Inorg Chem
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, United States.
The supramolecular binding exclusively by H-bonds of SeO, MoO and WO ions to form nanojars of the formula [EO⊂{-Cu(μ-OH)(μ-pz)}] (; E = Se, Mo, W; = 28-34; pz = pyrazolate) was studied in solution by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, variable temperature, paramagnetic H NMR and UV-vis spectroscopy, and in the solid state by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. These large anions allow for the observation of a record nanojar size, (E = Mo, W). Six crystal structures are described of nanojars of varying sizes with either SeO, MoO or WO entrapped ions, including the first example of a cocrystal of two different nanojars in crystallographically unique positions, and .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
December 2024
Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.
The morphology and kinetics of the crystal growth front have been poorly explored at the particle level. Here, we experimentally observe the crystal growth front in liquid with single-particle kinetics using colloid systems and reveal a surface layer of polymorphic crystal near the solid-solid transition when the two crystals form a low-energy coherent interface. The thickness of the surface crystal can exceed 50 particles and grows logarithmically with the temperature as approaching the solid-solid transition which follows premelting theory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale
January 2025
Department of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan.
Pyrrole in a cholesteric liquid crystal was discharged using a Tesla coil to generate pyrrole radicals, affording linear-shaped nano-ordered pyrrole oligomers. Subsequently, the electrochemical polymerisation of a pre-oriented pyrrole oligomer having good affinity for liquid crystals was performed to achieve polypyrrole-imprinted asymmetry from the cholesteric liquid crystal structure. The resultant polymers were analysed using polarising optical microscopy observations, scanning electron microscopy, electrochemistry, optical spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mater Chem B
January 2025
Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Finland.
As biomimicry advances, liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are gaining attention for their (multi-)stimuli-responsiveness and reversible shape morphing. Introduction of dynamic bonds into the LCEs provides versatile means towards programmable shape morphing and adaptation to environmental cues, and new designs for dynamic LCEs are actively sought for. Here, we present a supramolecular LCE that integrates shape memory programming, humidity sensitivity, and photochemical actuation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
January 2025
Conse jo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino (IQUIBA-NEA), CP3400 Corrientes, Argentina.
Background: The WHO states that antivenom is the only safe and effective treatment to neutralize snake venom. Snakebite antivenom typically involves horse hyperimmunization with crude venom and Freund's adjuvant.
Methods: In the current work, we analyzed the ascorbyl palmitate liquid crystal structure with snake protein or PLA2, the carrier charge capacity, and we evaluated the immune response induced by the enzyme P9a(Cdt-PLA2) formulated in a nanostructure using CpG-ODN, determining the titer of IgG antibodies.
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