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Traumatic Brain Injury and Risk of Incident Dementia: Forensic Applications of Current Research.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol
November 2024
Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9044, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is linked to a greater risk of developing neurodegenerative disorders, which is a crucial concern in forensic settings, particularly in legal cases involving allegations of TBI.
- * Forensic neuropsychologists are tasked with evaluating the risk of dementia following TBI, but studies show that only a small number of individuals develop neurodegenerative diseases post-injury, complicating the predictions and assessments.
- * Assessing TBI in forensic cases relies on more rigorous methods than standard clinical evaluations, yet current research on TBI and its connection to dementia is often inconsistent and limited, posing challenges for forensic experts.
The Intersecting Effects of Lifetime Experiences of Homelessness and Incarceration on Cognitive Aging and Dementia Risk Factors in the United States.
Gerontologist
November 2024
Program in Public Health, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Background And Objectives: Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) remain a pressing concern in the US, which also has one of the highest incarceration rates worldwide. Existing research has analyzed dementia risk and care among currently incarcerated and homeless populations; this paper fills a gap by examining later-life cognitive disparities facing formerly incarcerated and/or homeless individuals.
Research Design And Methods: Using Health and Retirement Study data (HRS; 1998-2018), we tested whether formerly homeless and/or incarcerated people had earlier onset of cognitive decline, and whether they were more likely to have modifiable risk factors for ADRD than those without such experiences.
Cognitive Trajectories and Associated Social and Behavioral Determinants Among Racial/Ethnic Minority Older Adults in the United States.
Gerontologist
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates cognitive trajectories among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic older adults, focusing on why some individuals develop Alzheimer's disease-related dementias while others maintain good cognitive health despite higher risks.
- Utilizing data from 1,322 non-Hispanic Black and 747 Hispanic adults aged 50 and older, researchers identified three cognitive trajectory classes (high, medium, low) and found a strong correlation between low cognition and cognitive impairment.
- Findings suggest that older age and rural schooling increase the likelihood of low cognition, whereas higher education decreases it; tailored interventions and further research are essential to address cognitive disparities in these populations.
Dementia and competency to stand trial in the United States: A case law review.
Law Hum Behav
August 2024
Objective: Competency to stand trial (CST) is foundational to the U.S. criminal legal system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatterns of Family Conflict and Accusations of Abuse in Dementia Family Caregivers: A Latent Class Analysis.
Gerontologist
October 2024
Department of Research, Cizik School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Background And Objectives: Family conflict is a stressor for dementia family caregivers, yet its impact may differ based on the relationship between caregivers and their recipients. This study's objectives were to categorize caregivers into groups based on family conflict, examine whether the relationship to the recipient influences group membership, and determine whether these groups are associated with engaging in abusive and neglectful behaviors.
Research Design And Methods: This national, cross-sectional study of 453 dementia family caregivers used latent class analysis to generate groups based on family conflict and abuse accusations.
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