AI Article Synopsis
- The RV144 clinical HIV vaccine trial showed a 31.2% reduction in HIV-1 infection, with a focus on evaluating V3-specific IgG antibodies and their role.
- Vaccinees produced highly cross-reactive V3 antibodies, which were effective against some breakthrough viruses, particularly those with mutations in specific amino acids.
- The findings suggest that the antibodies induced by the vaccine exerted immune pressure on the infecting viruses, providing insights for future HIV vaccine design.
Article Abstract
To evaluate the role of V3-specific IgG antibodies (Abs) in the RV144 clinical HIV vaccine trial, which reduced HIV-1 infection by 31.2%, the anti-V3 Ab response was assessed. Vaccinees' V3 Abs were highly cross-reactive with cyclic V3 peptides (cV3s) from diverse virus subtypes. Sieve analysis of CRF01_AE breakthrough viruses from 43 vaccine- and 66 placebo-recipients demonstrated an estimated vaccine efficacy of 85% against viruses with amino acids mismatching the vaccine at V3 site 317 (p=0.004) and 52% against viruses matching the vaccine at V3 site 307 (p=0.004). This analysis was supported by data showing vaccinees' plasma Abs were less reactive with I replaced with residues found more often in vaccinees' breakthrough viruses. Simultaneously, viruses with mutations at F were less infectious, possibly due to the contribution of F to optimal formation of the V3 hydrophobic core. These data suggest that RV144-induced V3-specific Abs imposed immune pressure on infecting viruses and inform efforts to design an HIV vaccine.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4293639 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2014.10.022 | DOI Listing |
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