[Stroke: the review of the problem (15 years after)].

The critical review of the key achievements in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke of the past 15 years is presented in the article including stroke epidemiology and classification, experimental models, treatment of malignant edema after stroke, thrombolytic therapy, surgical treatment of intracranial hematomas, surgery on extracranial arteries, polyorganic insufficiency syndrome, secondary prevention of cardioembolic stroke, neuroprotection and early rehabilitation.