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Nitrosyl factors play a vital role in the ventilatory depressant effects of fentanyl in freely moving guinea pigs.
Biomed Pharmacother
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
An understanding of intracellular mechanisms by which fentanyl and other synthetic opioids exert adverse effects on breathing is needed. Using freely moving adult male guinea pigs, we administered the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, L-NAME (N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester), to determine whether nitrosyl factors, such as nitric oxide and S-nitrosothiols, play a role in fentanyl-induced respiratory depression. Ventilatory parameters were recorded by whole body plethysmography to determine the effects of fentanyl (75 μg/kg, IV) in guinea pigs that had received a prior injection of vehicle (saline), L-NAME or the inactive D-isomer, D-NAME (both at 50 μmol/kg, IV), 15 min beforehand.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobial Biodegradation of Synthetic Polyethylene and Polyurethane Polymers by Pedospheric Microbes: Towards Sustainable Environmental Management.
Polymers (Basel)
January 2025
Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
This study attempted to isolate and identify pedospheric microbes originating in dumpsites and utilized them for the degradation of selected synthetic polymers for the first time in a cost-effective, ecologically favorable and sustainable manner. Specifically, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyurethane (PUR) were converted by the isolated fungi, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHow Hormonal Balance Changes Lives in Women with Psoriasis.
J Clin Med
January 2025
Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy.
Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disease significantly impacting women, with disease severity often modulated by hormonal fluctuations. This review examines the influence of hormonal changes on the course of psoriasis in women, focusing on key life stages-including the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, postpartum, and menopause-and their impact on disease progression and symptomatology. Estrogen, the principal female sex hormone, plays a critical role in immune modulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune-Boosting and Antiviral Effects of Antioxidants in COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Therapeutic Perspective.
Life (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has profoundly impacted global health, with pneumonia emerging as a major complication in severe cases. The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is marked by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an excessive inflammatory response, resulting in oxidative stress and significant tissue damage, particularly in the respiratory system. Antioxidants have garnered considerable attention for their potential role in managing COVID-19 pneumonia by mitigating oxidative stress and modulating immune responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancing Therapy Adherence: Impact on Clinical Outcomes, Healthcare Costs, and Patient Quality of Life.
Medicina (Kaunas)
January 2025
School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education of Warsaw, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland.
Adherence to therapy, defined as the extent to which a patient follows prescribed therapeutic recommendations, is a pivotal factor in the effective management of chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular conditions. This review highlights the profound influence of adherence on clinical outcomes, healthcare costs, and patient quality of life. Despite its critical importance, non-adherence remains a pervasive challenge globally, contributing to suboptimal treatment results, higher rates of complications, increased hospitalizations, and substantial healthcare expenditures.
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