An actinomycete strain S16-07(T), isolated from surface-sterilized stems of rice plant (Oryza sativa L.), was characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated affiliation of the strain belonged to the genus Streptomyces. The highest levels of sequence similarity were found with Streptomyces smyrnaeus SM3501(T) (97.7% similarity), S. abikoensis NBRC 13860(T) (97.6% similarity) and S. thermocarboxydovorans NBRC 16324(T) (97.5% similarity). The cell wall of strain S16-07(T) contained LL-diaminopimelic acid. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H₆) and MK-9(H₈). Phospholipids detected were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, hydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxy-phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. The major cellular fatty acids were ai-C(15:0), i-C(16:0) and ai-C(17:0). The G+C content of strain S16-07(T) was 70.4 mol%. On the basis of the phylogeny of the isolate and its differences from the most closely related species, the isolate S16-07(T) represents a novel species for which the name S. oryzae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S16-07(T) (=BCC 60400(T)=NBRC 109761(T)).
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