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Basic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Ivane Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Background: There is growing evidence from laboratory and clinical trials that deep brain stimulation (DBS) at memory associated structures enhances cognitive functions. Best site for memory enhancing-DBS is still unclear. The medial septum (MS), the important modulator of the hippocampal neural network, might be a key target to accomplish therapeutic efficacy in memory impaired patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Manifestations.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Background: Menopause has been associated with greater dementia risk. We investigated the relationship between the presence of specific symptoms experienced during menopause (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of long-acting cabotegravir safety and pharmacokinetics in pregnant women in eastern and southern Africa: a secondary analysis of HPTN 084.
J Int AIDS Soc
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Introduction: Long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA) for pre-exposure prophylaxis significantly reduced HIV acquisition in HPTN 084. We report on the safety and CAB-LA pharmacokinetics in pregnant women during the blinded period of HPTN 084.
Methods: Participants were randomized 1:1 to either active cabotegravir (CAB) plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) placebo or active TDF/FTC plus CAB placebo.
Excitable Ras dynamics-based screens reveal RasGEFX is required for macropinocytosis and random cell migration.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Laboratory of Single Molecule Biology, Graduate School of Science and Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Excitable systems of eukaryotic chemotaxis can generate asymmetric signals of Ras-GTP-enriched domains spontaneously to drive random cell migration without guidance cues. However, the molecules responsible for the spontaneous signal generation remain elusive. Here, we characterized RasGEFs encoded in Dictyostelium discoideum by live-cell imaging of the spatiotemporal dynamics of Ras-GTP and hierarchical clustering, finding that RasGEFX is primarily required for the spontaneous generation of Ras-GTP-enriched domains and is essential for random migration in combination with RasGEFB/M/U in starved cells, and they are dispensable for chemotaxis to chemoattractant cAMP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Cerebral oximetry measurement using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been highlighted as a technology that can provide noninvasive information on regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) during CPR even though its effectiveness has not been fully confirmed. The research focuses on the use of NIRS to predict the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and neurological outcomes.
Objectives: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the validity of using regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) measurement compared to ETCO2 during CPR to and its association with ROSC, as well as to evaluate the neuroprognostic value of NIRS.
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