Plants have evolved a sophisticated mechanism to sense the extracellular sulfur (S) status so that sulfate transport and S assimilation/metabolism can be coordinated. Genetic, biochemical, and molecular studies in Arabidopsis over the past 10 years have started to shed some light on the regulatory mechanism of the S response. Key advances in transcriptional regulation (SLIM1, MYB, and miR395), involvement of hormones (auxin, cytokinin, and abscisic acid) and identification of putative sensors (OASTL and SULTR1;2) are highlighted here. Although our current view of S nutrient sensing and signaling remains fragmented, it is anticipated that through further studies a sensing and signaling network will be revealed in the near future.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00710 | DOI Listing |
Front Immunol
January 2025
Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
The innate immune system promptly detects and responds to invading pathogens, with a key role played by the recognition of bacterial-derived DNA through pattern recognition receptors. The Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) functions as a DNA sensor inducing type I interferon (IFN) production, innate immune responses and also inflammatory cell death. ZBP1 interacts with cytosolic DNA via its DNA-binding domains, crucial for its activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFiScience
January 2025
Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada.
Bacterial interspecies interactions shape microbial communities and influence the progression of polymicrobial infections. FemI-FemR-FemA, a cell-surface signaling system, in , is involved in the uptake of iron-chelating mycobactin produced by spp. In this report, we present the data that indicates the -PA1909 operon is positively regulated by ExsA, a master regulator for the type three secretion system (T3SS), connecting the Fem system with T3SS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
January 2025
Service of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
Antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are an increasing threat to human health. Strategies to restore antibiotic efficacy include targeting multidrug efflux pumps by competitive efflux pump inhibitors. These could be derived from natural substrates of these efflux systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Hortic
January 2025
Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
Peptide hormones are defined as small secreted polypeptide-based intercellular communication signal molecules. Such peptide hormones are encoded by nuclear genes, and often go through proteolytic processing of preproproteins and post-translational modifications. Most peptide hormones are secreted out of the cell to interact with membrane-associated receptors in neighboring cells, and subsequently activate signal transductions, leading to changes in gene expression and cellular responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pregnancy Childbirth
January 2025
MyMilk Laboratories Ltd. Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel.
Background: Human milk electrolytes are known biomarkers of stages of lactation in the first weeks after birth. However, methods for measuring milk electrolytes are available only in laboratory or expert settings. A small handheld milk sensing device (Mylee) capable of determining on-site individual secretory activation progress from sensing the conductivity of a tiny milk specimen was developed.
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