Because of the relatively high flapping frequency associated with hovering insects and flapping wing micro-air vehicles (FWMAVs), dynamic stability analysis typically involves direct averaging of the time-periodic dynamics over a flapping cycle. However, direct application of the averaging theorem may lead to false conclusions about the dynamics and stability of hovering insects and FWMAVs. Higher-order averaging techniques may be needed to understand the dynamics of flapping wing flight and to analyze its stability. We use second-order averaging to analyze the hovering dynamics of five insects in response to high-amplitude, high-frequency, periodic wing motion. We discuss the applicability of direct averaging versus second-order averaging for these insects.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/10/1/016002 | DOI Listing |
J Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA 22904, USA
Sensory experience during development has lasting effects on perception and neural processing. Exposing juvenile animals to artificial stimuli influences the tuning and functional organization of the auditory cortex, but less is known about how the rich acoustical environments experienced by vocal communicators affect the processing of complex vocalizations. Here, we show that in zebra finches (), a colonial-breeding songbird species, exposure to a naturalistic social-acoustical environment during development has a profound impact on auditory perceptual behavior and on cortical-level auditory responses to conspecific song.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEye Contact Lens
December 2024
Cornea and Laser Eye Institute-CLEI Center for Keratoconus (J.D.G., B.S., T.P., C.E., P.S.H., S.A.G.), Teaneck, NJ; Department of Ophthalmology (J.D.G., D.K., P.S.H., S.A.G.), Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ; TX; OVITZ Corporation (N.B., J.W.), Rochester, NY; College of Optometry (G.Y.), University of Houston, Houston, TX.
Purpose: To report interim results of a single center, randomized, double-blind, crossover-controlled clinical trial comparing wavefront-guided (wfg) scleral lenses (SLs) to traditional scleral lenses (tSLs) for patients with a history of irregular corneal astigmatism (ICA).
Methods: Thirty-one ICA eyes of 18 participants were reviewed, 23 with keratoconus, six postcorneal refractive ectasia, and two postpenetrating keratoplasty. Patients with corneal or lens opacities were not excluded from participating.
Purpose: To present a new approach to customized treatments that inherently saves tissue by design, especially for pathological corneas.
Methods: From the elevation of the anterior cornea and the refractive error of the eye, the target cornea can be calculated and the difference between actual and target cornea corresponds to the tissue to be removed. In this approach, it is further possible to preset the ablation depth at one (Model 1) or two (Models 2 and 3) particular locations.
Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol
December 2024
School of Population Health, University of Auckland Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Auckland, New Zealand.
Background: Maternity services in New Zealand are largely delivered by autonomously practising community midwives. This model of care is unique and may result in differences in the distribution of maternity healthcare utilisation and costs compared to other countries. New Zealand-specific cost data are needed to inform economic analyses, local policy and healthcare resource planning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome Biol
December 2024
Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
We present MoCHI, a tool to fit interpretable models using deep mutational scanning data. MoCHI infers free energy changes, as well as interaction terms (energetic couplings) for specified biophysical models, including from multimodal phenotypic data. When a user-specified model is unavailable, global nonlinearities (epistasis) can be estimated from the data.
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