Peritoneal tuberculosis (TB) is an extrapulmonary form of presentation of tuberculosis. HIV infection is a primary risk factor for this condition. Diagnosis requires microbiological or histopathological confirmation in addition to supporting radiological imaging studies. Abdominal ultrasonography and CT are useful to obtain a radiographic diagnosis, with typical findings including diffuse peritoneal thickening, presence of ascites in varying volumes, adenopathies, and caseating nodes. We report 2 cases of patients with ascites and nodular peritoneal thickening on diagnostic images, as well as high CA-125 levels in laboratory tests. In both patients, a diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis was reached following a US-guided peritoneal biopsy.
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Article Synopsis
- Peritoneal tuberculosis is a rare form of TB that occurs outside the lungs, primarily affecting individuals in countries with high TB prevalence, making travel from these areas a risk factor.
- Diagnosing this condition is challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other illnesses, which can delay treatment and worsen outcomes.
- A case study highlights a woman in her mid-50s who experienced severe symptoms, leading to various diagnostic procedures, with TB ultimately isolated from her fluid, allowing her to successfully complete a 6-month anti-TB treatment.
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