The study on the morphine and naloxone influence on the blastic transformation of lymphocytes were made in vitro. The material was taken from the laryngeal cancer and leukoplakia patients. Morphine lowered the threshold of the blastic transformation especially in laryngeal cancer patients. Naloxone on the other hand exaggerated the transformation. This influence may be caused by the lymphocyte opiate receptors. The knowledge of the interdependence between the nervous and immunologic system may be usefull in understanding of the neoplasms pathology mechanisms and constitute a progress especially in oncologic treatment.
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Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
December 2024
The author is retired. The positions and affiliations are those prior to his retirement.
Important insights and consensus remain lacking for risk prediction of opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD), reversal of respiratory depression (RD), the pathophysiology of OIRD, and which sites make the most significant contribution to its induction. The ventilatory response to inhaled carbon dioxide is the most sensitive biomarker of OIRD. To accurately predict respiratory depression (RD), a multivariant RD prospective trial using continuous capnograph and oximetry examining 5 independent variables: age ≥60, sex, opioid naivety, sleep disorders, and chronic heart failure (PRODIGY trial), was undertaken.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Chem
December 2024
A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, bld. 1, Moscow, 119334, Russia. Electronic address:
Thevinols and their 3-O-demethylated relatives, orvinols, are derivatives of the Diels-Alder adduct of natural alkaloid thebaine with methyl vinyl ketone. Taken together, thevinols and orvinols constitute an important family of opioid receptor (OR) ligands playing an important role in both the OR mediated antinociception and OR antagonism. Herein, we disclose for the first time the antagonist activity of the N-allyl substituted orvinol derivative fluorinated within the pharmacophore associated with C(20) and its surrounding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Morphine belongs to the class of opioids and is known for its potential to cause dependence and addiction, particularly with prolonged use. Due to the associated risks, caution must be taken when prescribing and limiting its clinical use. Overexpression of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, nitric oxide and cGMP pathway has been implicated in exacerbate the development of morphine dependence and withdrawal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBehav Pharmacol
February 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Sector, Federal University of Paraná.
Opioid use disorder is a public health problem that includes symptoms such as withdrawal syndrome and opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Currently, drugs to treat side effects of opioids also have undesirable effects, which lead to limitations. This study investigated the effect of a treatment with cannabidiol in morphine-induced hyperalgesia and withdrawal behavior in morphine-dependent rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharmacol
January 2025
Area of Pharmacology, Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University (URJC), Associated R+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), Alcorcón, Spain; High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM) of the Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Spain.
People with chronic pain mitigate their suffering by the action of opioids. Adverse reactions aside, opioids are not exempt from potential complications like addiction and abuse, which have posed a global public health problem lately. Finding new therapeutic strategies to improve analgesia and to reduce opioid side effects has become a priority.
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