AI Article Synopsis
- The study compared long-term organic and conventional farming methods in Italy, focusing on soil fertility and microbial community structure.
- Organic management showed higher availability of key nutrients and greater bacterial counts compared to conventional methods.
- Despite organic management leading to more fungal biomass, both systems had similar fungal species compositions, indicating that a decade of organic farming might not be enough time to significantly alter fungal community dynamics.
Article Abstract
In the present study, long-term organic and conventional managements were compared at the experimental field of Monsampolo del Tronto (Marche region, Italy) with the aim of investigating soil chemical fertility and microbial community structure. A polyphasic approach, combining soil fertility indicators with microbiological analyses (plate counts, PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis [DGGE] and phospholipid fatty acid analysis [PLFA]) was applied. Organic matter, N as well as some important macro and micronutrients (K, P, Mg, Mn, Cu, and Zn) for crop growth, were more available under organic management. Bacterial counts were higher in organic management. A significant influence of management system and management x crop interaction was observed for total mesophilic bacteria, nitrogen fixing bacteria and actinobacteria. Interestingly, cultivable fungi were not detected in all analyzed samples. PLFA biomass was higher in the organic and Gram positive bacteria dominated the microbial community in both systems. Even if fungal biomass was higher in organic management, fungal PCR-DGGE fingerprinting revealed that the two systems were very similar in terms of fungal species suggesting that 10 years were not enough to establish a new dynamic equilibrium among ecosystem components. A better knowledge of soil biota and in particular of fungal community structure will be useful for the development of sustainable management strategies.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4261825 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00644 | DOI Listing |
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