Tracking early readmission after pancreatectomy to index and nonindex institutions: a more accurate assessment of readmission.

Importance: Readmission after pancreatectomy is common, but few data compare patterns of readmission to index and nonindex hospitals.

Objectives: To evaluate the rate of readmission to index and nonindex institutions following pancreatectomy at a tertiary high-volume institution and to identify patient-level factors predictive of those readmissions.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected institutional database linked to statewide data of patients who underwent pancreatectomy at a tertiary care referral center between January 1, 2005, and December 2, 2010.

Exposure: Pancreatectomy.

Main Outcomes And Measures: The primary outcome was unplanned 30-day readmission to index or nonindex hospitals. Risk factors and reasons for readmission were measured and compared by site using univariable and multivariable analyses.

Results: Among all 623 patients who underwent pancreatectomy during the study period, 134 (21.5%) were readmitted to our institution (105 [78.4%]) or to an outside institution (29 [21.6%]). Fifty-six patients (41.8%) were readmitted because of a gastrointestinal or nutritional problem related to surgery and 42 patients (31.3%) because of a postoperative infection. On multivariable analysis, factors independently associated with readmission included age 65 years or older (odds ratio [OR], 1.80; 95% CI, 1.19-2.71), preexisting liver disease (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.23-4.24), distal pancreatectomy (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.11-2.84), and postoperative drain placement (OR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.00-7.14).

Conclusions And Relevance: In total, 21.5% of patients required early readmission after pancreatectomy. Even in the setting of a tertiary care referral center, 21.6% of these readmissions were to nonindex institutions. Specific patient-level factors were associated with an increased risk of readmission.