As part of its 2011 commitment to the Partnership for Healthier America, the YMCA of the USA (Y-USA) pledged that by 2015, 85 percent of its local Y associations with early childhood or afterschool programs would have at least one program site that met 100 percent of the Y-USA's healthy eating and physical activity (HEPA) standards. To inform the measurement and monitoring of HEPA standards, the Y-USA designed a thirty-three-item online survey to assess which HEPA standards were being met in afterschool program sites each year in order to track progress over time. Verification activities including direct observation, key informant interviews, and document review generated overall compliance ratings for each standard. Compliance ratings were then compared to the self-reported survey results to determine the validity of the survey for assessing each HEPA standard. The survey had variable accuracy when compared to the validation methods. This chapter aims to inform the measurement and monitoring of HEPA standards implementation in larger afterschool networks by reporting on learnings from the Y-USA's early efforts in its network.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yd.20102 | DOI Listing |
ACS EST Air
January 2025
Lyles School of Civil & Construction Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
Commercial HVAC systems intended to mitigate indoor air pollution are operated based on standards that exclude aerosols with smaller diameters, such as ultrafine particles (UFPs, D ≤ 100 nm), which dominate a large proportion of indoor and outdoor number-based particle size distributions. UFPs generated from occupant activities or infiltrating from the outdoors can be recirculated and accumulate indoors when they are not successfully filtered by an air handling unit. Monitoring UFPs in real occupied environments is vital to understanding these source and mitigation dynamics, but capturing their rapid transience across multiple locations can be challenging due to high-cost instrumentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegen Ther
June 2024
Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Science Tokyo, 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Yushima, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.
Introduction: Cell processing facilities are susceptible to environmental bacteria and must maintain sterile environments to safeguard cell products. This process involves circulating air through high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, which incurs significant maintenance costs. While cost-reduction strategies have been explored in the semiconductor industry, validations specific to cell processing facilities remain unreported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hosp Infect
January 2025
Department of Energy and Refrigerating Air-conditioning Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.
Background: This study evaluated aerosol exposure during various respiratory activities (breathing, tachypnea, coughing, and oxygen therapy) in environments with directional air purifiers (DAPs), HEPA evacuators, and standard negative pressure (SNP) rooms to explore potential alternatives for addressing isolation room shortages.
Methods: Aerosol exposure was measured during various breathing conditions (normal, tachypnea, coughing, and recovery) with non-rebreather masks (NRMs) and nasal cannulas. The study analysed aerosol velocity and concentrations at the head, trunk and feet of a mannequin across settings including DAP, HEPA evacuator, SNP room, their combinations, and a reference group without intervention.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
May 2024
Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
The establishment of a compliant radiopharmacy facility within a university setting is crucial for supporting fundamental and preclinical studies, as well as for the production of high-quality radiopharmaceuticals for clinical testing in human protocols as part of Investigational New Drug (IND) applications that are reviewed and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian Pediatr
June 2024
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Objective: To report the outcomes of pediatric patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) in single rooms without high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, laminar air flow or positive pressure at our centre and discuss the adaptations of a high-volume government centre.
Methods: Data of the first 20 children who underwent allogeneic HSCT between May 2019 and July 2023 in adaptive settings were reviewed retrospectively. All patients were managed in in single rooms without HEPA filters, positive pressure or laminar air flow.
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