Hydrophilic polymers were attached to lysozyme by a combination of grafting-to and grafting-from approaches using RAFT polymerization. A hydrophilic oligomer was synthesized, and attached to the protein. The protein-oligomer hybrid contained the RAFT end group, enabling chain extension in solution. Lysozyme maintained activity throughout this process.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc09287b | DOI Listing |
Chemistry
December 2024
Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
Grafting carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) with polyglycerol (PG) improves their application potentials in biomedicine and electronics. Although "grafting from" method offers advantages over "grafting to" one in terms of operability and versatility, little is known about the reaction process of glycidol with the surface groups onto CNMs. By using graphene oxide (GO) as a multi-functional model material, we examined the reactivity of the surface groups on GO toward glycidol molecules via a set of model reactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
October 2024
Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Surface-based biosensors have proven to be of particular interest in the monitoring of human pathogens by means of their distinct nucleic acid sequences. Genosensors rely on targeted gene/DNA probe hybridization at the surface of a physical transducer and have been exploited for their high specificity and physicochemical stability. Unfortunately, these sensing materials still face limitations impeding their use in current diagnostic techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Sci
September 2024
Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg Stefan-Meier-Str. 31 D-79104 Freiburg i.Br. Germany
Protein-polymer conjugates combine properties of biopolymers and synthetic polymers, such as specific bioactivity and increased stability, with great benefits for various applications from catalysis to biomedicine. Furthermore, polymer conjugation can mimic important posttranslational modifications of proteins such as glycosylation. There are typically two approaches to create protein-polymer conjugates: the protein is functionalized in advance with an initiator for a method or a previously produced polymer is conjugated to the protein a method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
September 2024
Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany.
This review describes the formation of a protein corona (or its absence) on different classes of nanoparticles, its basic principles, and its consequences for nanomedicine. For this purpose, it describes general concepts to control (guide/minimize) the interaction between artificial nanoparticles and plasma proteins to reduce protein corona formation. Thereafter, methods for the qualitative or quantitative determination of protein corona formation are presented, as well as the properties of nanoparticle surfaces, which are relevant for protein corona prevention (or formation).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolym Chem
March 2024
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA.
Reversible conjugation of polymers to proteins is important for a variety of applications, for example to control protein activity. Light is often employed as an external trigger to allow for spatio and temporal control over release of a payload. In this report, we demonstrate preparation of photocleavable poly(polyethylene glycol) acrylate)-lysozyme (pPEGA-Lys) conjugates -nitrobenzyl linkages.
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