Metabolic reprogramming is a characteristic of cancer cells. Three studies published in this month's Molecular Cell provide novel insights into the role of mitochondrial pyruvate in tumor metabolism and describe how targeting pyruvate transport and metabolism may afford therapeutic benefit.
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Altered mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) function shifts mitochondrial metabolism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Mitochondrial function is modulated by its interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Recent research indicates that these contacts are disrupted in familial models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We report here that this impairment in the crosstalk between mitochondria and the ER impedes the use of glucose-derived pyruvate as mitochondrial fuel, causing a shift to fatty acids to sustain energy production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetabolic Characterization of Cerebrospinal Fluid for Patients With Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Preliminary Study.
CNS Neurosci Ther
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Article Synopsis
- This research investigates the potential biomarkers and metabolic changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) compared to healthy controls.
- A total of 21 potential biomarkers were identified, with elevated levels of pyruvic and oxoglutaric acids, pointing to a dysregulated TCA cycle in AE patients.
- Additionally, the study highlights differences in unsaturated fatty acid metabolism, indicating that these metabolic pathways may play a significant role in understanding the pathology of AE.
Humans have, throughout history, faced periods of starvation necessitating increased physical effort to gather food. To explore adaptations in muscle function, 13 participants (7 males and 6 females) fasted for seven days. They lost 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSomatic mtDNA mutation burden shapes metabolic plasticity in leukemogenesis.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations influence the development of leukemia, specifically through experiments with hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) from genetically modified mice.
- Researchers found that recipients of heterozygous mtDNA mutator HPCs had a higher spontaneous leukemia incidence, while homozygous mtDNA mutator HPCs had a lower incidence when combined with NMyc overexpression.
- Both types of HPCs exhibited mitochondrial function impairments, but only heterozygous HPCs adapted to the metabolic demands of NMyc overexpression, as demonstrated by altered glucose utilization linked to metabolic changes in homozygous HPCs.
Relationship Between Mitochondrial Biological Function and Breast Cancer: An Approach Based on Mendelian Randomization Analysis.
Breast J
January 2025
Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
This study aims to investigate the potential causal link between mitochondrial function and breast cancer using the Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The data used for this study were obtained from genomewide association studies (GWAS) databases on mitochondrial biological function and breast cancer. Mitochondrial function was considered the exposure variable, breast cancer the outcome variable, and specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables (IVs).
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