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Maximum-Power Stirling-like Heat Engine with a Harmonically Confined Brownian Particle.
Entropy (Basel)
January 2025
Física Teórica, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado de Correos 1065, E-41080 Sevilla, Spain.
Heat engines transform thermal energy into useful work, operating in a cyclic manner. For centuries, they have played a key role in industrial and technological development. Historically, only gases and liquids have been used as working substances, but the technical advances achieved in recent decades allow for expanding the experimental possibilities and designing engines operating with a single particle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpeech Enhancement for Cochlear Implant Recipients using Deep Complex Convolution Transformer with Frequency Transformation.
IEEE/ACM Trans Audio Speech Lang Process
February 2024
CRSS: Center for Robust Speech Systems; Cochlear Implant Processing Laboratory (CILab), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, USA.
The presence of background noise or competing talkers is one of the main communication challenges for cochlear implant (CI) users in speech understanding in naturalistic spaces. These external factors distort the time-frequency (T-F) content including magnitude spectrum and phase of speech signals. While most existing speech enhancement (SE) solutions focus solely on enhancing the magnitude response, recent research highlights the importance of phase in perceptual speech quality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpatiotemporal imaging of nonlinear optics in van der Waals waveguides.
Nat Nanotechnol
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Van der Waals (vdW) semiconductors have emerged as promising platforms for efficient nonlinear optical conversion, including harmonic and entangled photon generation. Although major efforts are devoted to integrating vdW materials in nanoscale waveguides for miniaturization, the realization of efficient, phase-matched conversion in these platforms remains challenging. Here, to address this challenge, we report a far-field ultrafast imaging method to track the propagation of both fundamental and harmonic waves within vdW waveguides with femtosecond and sub-50 nanometre spatiotemporal precision.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan Low Structural Anisotropy Produce High Optical Anisotropy? Anomalous Giant Optical Birefringent Effect in PIAlI in Focus.
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Functional Crystals Lab, Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
Tetrahedral halides with broad transparency and large second harmonic effects have the potential to serve as mid-infrared wide-bandgap materials with balanced nonlinear-optical (NLO) properties. However, their regular tetrahedral motifs tend to exhibit low optical birefringence (Δ < 0.03) due to limited structural anisotropy, which constrains their practical phase-matched capability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSutureless FOCUS harmonic scalpel versus clamp-and-tie techniques for thyroidectomy: a meta-analysis of 43 randomized controlled trials.
Int J Surg
December 2024
Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome.
Background: One of the most important surgical steps during thyroidectomy is the safe ligation of vessels. In fact, it is crucial to avoid postoperative bleeding and nerves' injury. The "clamp and tie" technique was first introduced in the 19th century.
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