Two novel cyclic azobenzenophanes (SC, RC) with functional handles have been synthesized efficiently by a Glaser coupling reaction. Through a Suzuki coupling reaction, alternating ring/linear polymers with rigid (conjugated)/flexible (unconjugated) bridges were obtained from the resultant cyclic azobenzenophanes. The optical activities of linear, cyclic, and macromolecular binaphethyl-azobenzene derivatives were investigated by UV/Vis and circular dichroism (CD) spectra and the time-dependent (TD)-DFT method. Experimental results and theoretical analyses indicated that the cyclic configurations exhibited better chiroptical features than the others, and the reverse conformation and difference of dextro-/levo-rotation of azobenzenophanes were detected by comparing linear and cyclic structures, which provides an opportunity for the optical-rotation-controlled "smart" materials systems in future.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201405940 | DOI Listing |
Chemistry
February 2015
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, No. 199, Ren'ai Road, Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123 (P.R. China).
Org Lett
July 2012
RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
A method for synthesizing highly strained cyclic structures by combining photochromic and synthetic reactions is described. Tightly linked azobenzene-binaphthyl dyads (R)-4 and (R)-6 could not be obtained by conventional cyclization, but continuous application of photoirradiation, which induced (E)→(Z) isomerization of the azobenzene moiety, allowed the cyclization reaction to proceed, affording the desired chiral azobenzenophanes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
December 2011
University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, Basel, Switzerland.
The possibility to modulate molecules reversibly by light has been fascinating chemists early on. One of the most powerful photochromic classes of compounds are azobenzenes, which have been incorporated in multiple molecular systems to alter their functionality. Recently, the incorporation of azobenzenes into macrocyclic scaffolds, azobenzenophanes, revealed a novel aspect of this interesting photoswitch.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
December 2010
Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA.
We report here a fast-photon-mode reversible handedness inversion of a self-organized helical superstructure (i.e., a cholesteric liquid crystal phase) using photoisomerizable chiral cyclic dopants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
March 2010
Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan.
A light-controlled molecular machine based on cyclic azobenzenophanes consisting of a dioxynaphthalene rotating unit and a photoisomerizable dioxyazobenzene unit bridged by methylene spacers is reported. In compounds 1 and 2, 1,5- and 2,6-dioxynaphthalene moieties, respectively, are linked to p-dioxyazobenzene by different methylene spacers (n=2 in 1a and 2; n=3 in 1b), whereas a 1,5-dioxynaphthalene moiety is bonded to m-dioxyazobenzene by bismethylene spacers in 3. In 1b and 2, the naphthalene ring can rotate freely in both the trans and cis states at room temperature.
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