Young calves were simultaneously vaccinated by subcutaneous route against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/adenovirus/parainfluenza-3 (IBR/Adeno/PI-3) by intranasal route. The serological response against the 3 FMD virus types of the FMD vaccine was clearly positive. There was no significant difference between results of simultaneous FMD and IBR/Adeno/PI-3 vaccination and FMD vaccination only.
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Clin Microbiol Rev
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary/Allergy/Critical Care, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
SUMMARY (the "pneumococcus") is a significant human pathogen. The key determinant of pneumococcal fitness and virulence is its ability to produce a protective polysaccharide (PS) capsule, and anti-capsule antibodies mediate serotype-specific opsonophagocytic killing of bacteria. Notably, immunization with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) has effectively reduced the burden of disease caused by serotypes included in vaccines but has also spurred a relative upsurge in the prevalence of non-vaccine serotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Parasitol Res
January 2025
Parasitology and Mycology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease in which dogs are the main reservoirs. Until now, the serological tests do not present satisfactory sensitivity for diagnosis of these hosts. One of the functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is related to immunological host response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed J Armed Forces India
August 2022
Professor & Head (Dermatology), DY Patil Medical College & Research Centre, Pune, India.
Background: Autoimmune bullous disorder (AIBD) is a diverse group of blistering dermatoses that affects the skin and mucous membrane, characterized by the formation of autoantibodies against the desmosomal glycoproteins and adhesion molecular components of the basement membrane zone. Various immunoassay techniques for serological diagnosis are Direct Immunofluorescence (DIF), Indirect Immunofluorescence (IIF), Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting. Quantitative ELISA titer can also be used to monitor the disease activity and response to treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Parasitol
January 2025
Centralized Instrumentation Laboratory, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, 600 007, India.
Introduction: Toxocarosis in human beings is currently diagnosed by serological assay based on the detection of antibodies against Toxocara antigens. Toxocara canis larvae do not reach the adult stage in paratenic hosts like humans and mice. Therefore experimental infection in mice, which mimics the biology of human infection, might be relevant to get a better understanding of human toxocarosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Parasitol
January 2025
Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, Bern 3012, Switzerland. Electronic address:
The protozoan parasite Neospora caninum is an important cause of abortion in cattle. Infection occurs horizontally by ingestion of oocysts shed by canids or vertically, from an infected dam to the foetus, and may result in abortion, stillbirth, or the birth of subclinically infected offspring. We estimated the occurrence of N.
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