Targeting the neurovascular unit in brain trauma.

CNS Neurosci Ther

Departments of Radiology, Neurology and Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.

Published: April 2015

AI Article Synopsis

  • The neurovascular unit, initially focused on stroke, is now recognized for its critical role in various CNS disorders, particularly following brain trauma.
  • Disruptions in cell communication within the neurovascular unit can lead to issues like impaired blood flow, excitotoxicity, and blood-brain barrier breakdown.
  • Effective recovery from brain trauma necessitates restoring the entire neurovascular unit, rather than just focusing on saving neurons alone.

Article Abstract

Although the neurovascular unit was originally developed as a conceptual framework for stroke, it is now recognized that these cell-cell interactions play critical roles in many other CNS disorders as well. In brain trauma, perturbations within the neurovascular unit may be especially important. Changes in neurovascular coupling may disrupt blood flow and metabolic regulation. Disruption of transmitter release-reuptake kinetics in neurons and astrocytes may augment excitotoxicity. Alterations in gliovascular signaling may underlie blood-brain barrier disruptions and traumatic edema. Perturbations in cell-cell signaling between all neuronal, glial, and vascular compartments may increase susceptibility to cell death. Finally, repairing the brain after trauma requires the integrated restoration of all neural, glial, and vascular connectivity for effective functional recovery. Just as in stroke, saving neurons alone may also be insufficient for treating brain trauma. In this minireview, we attempt to briefly highlight some of these pathways to underscore the importance of rescuing the entire neurovascular unit in brain trauma.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6495706PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cns.12359DOI Listing

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