Passerini (P-3CR) and Ugi (U-4CR) reactions were investigated in 4-oxoazetidine-2-carboxaldehydes, affording the corresponding Passerini and Ugi adducts with moderate diastereoselectivity in high yields. Fortunately, the obtained mixtures of isomers syn/anti were separated in most cases. The scope of both IMCRs has been studied using a variety of isocyanides, carboxylic acids and amines. Ugi adducts were used for the preparation of unusual 2-azetidinones fused to medium-sized rings via RCM. In addition, β-lactam-diketopiperazine hybrids have also been prepared from the corresponding Ugi adducts.
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