Colchicine is one of the oldest available drugs. It has been used for centuries to treat and prevent gouty attacks and more recently to prevent attacks of autoinflammatory diseases such as Familial Mediterranean Fever. Its main mechanism of action is the capability to block the polymerization of tubulin, thus affecting the function of microtubules. The capability to concentrate in white blood cells, especially granulocytes, and interfere with their function explains its potentiality as an anti-inflammatory drug. Colchicine (0.5mg twice daily for patients >70kg or once daily for those weighing less) in addition to standard anti-inflammatory therapy, in either acute or recurrent pericarditis, may hasten the response to anti-inflammatory therapy and reduce the subsequent risk of recurrences. After exclusion of contraindication and appropriate dose adjustment, the drug is safe and well tolerated. The more common side effect is gastrointestinal intolerance occurring in 5-10% of cases and may be controlled by dose reduction or temporary discontinuation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2014.09.011 | DOI Listing |
Heliyon
January 2025
Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea.
The suppression of tyrosinase (TYR), a key enzyme in melanogenesis, has been suggested as an effective strategy for preventing melanin accumulation. We previously discovered the novel chrysin derivative hydroxyethyl chrysin (HE-chrysin) through an irradiation technique, which exerted higher anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities than original chrysin. In the present study, we explored whether HE-chrysin has antioxidant and anti-melanogenic capacity using B16F10 murine melanoma cells and molecular docking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Physiol
January 2025
Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States.
Introduction: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a potent immunomodulatory cytokine widely explored as a therapeutic agent for diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI). High-dose IL-10 treatment may not achieve expected outcomes, raising the question of whether IL-10 has dose-dependency, or even uncharted side-effects from overdosing. We hypothesized that IL-10 has dose-dependent effects on macrophage (Mφ) phenotypic transition and cardiac remodeling after MI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Anus Rectum Colon
January 2025
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Coloproctology Center Takano Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
Crohn's disease (CD) causes gastrointestinal symptoms (i.e., diarrhea and abdominal pain), systemic symptoms (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurosci
January 2025
Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
The vagus nerve (VN) is the primary parasympathetic nerve, providing two-way communication between the body and brain through a network of afferent and efferent fibers. Evidence suggests that altered VN signaling is linked to changes in the neuroimmune system, including microglia. Dysfunction of microglia, the resident innate immune cells of the brain, is associated with various neurodevelopmental disorders, including schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and epilepsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Orthop Surg Res
January 2025
Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368 Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, China.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic inflammatory joint disease causing permanent disability, involves exosomes, nanosized mammalian extracellular particles. Circular RNA (circRNA) serves as a biomarker in RA blood samples. This research screened differentially expressed circRNAs in RA patient plasma exosomes for novel diagnostic biomarkers.
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