The molecular mechanisms of mechanotransduction in regulating mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenesis are not fully understood and represent an area of growing investigation. In this study, human MSC was subjected to chondrogenic differentiation in chitosan-coated poly L-lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone scaffolds under free swelling or deferral dynamic compression conditions. The effect of deferral dynamic compression to MSC chondrogenesis and late stage hypertrophy development was investigated, and the involvement of TGF-β/SMAD pathway and integrin β1 signaling was analyzed. Deferral dynamic compression enhanced cartilage formation and suppressed chondrocyte hypertrophy. Differential cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization were induced under dynamic compression, together with the activation of TGF-β/Activin/Nodal and suppression of the BMP/GDP signaling. This was accompanied by the repression of integrin/FAK/ERK signaling in the non-hypertrophic cells when compared to the free swelling samples. Inhibition studies blocking TGF-β/Activin/Nodal signaling heightened hypertrophy, activate BMP/SMAD1/5/8 and integrin signaling, while inhibition of integrin-ECM interaction suppressed hypertrophy and activate TGF-β/SMAD2/3 in the free-swelling samples. This study demonstrates the roles of TGF-β/SMAD and integrin signaling, and suggests cross-talk between these two signaling pathways, in regulating the compression-driven hypertrophy development.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.10.010 | DOI Listing |
F1000Res
January 2025
Department of Aeronautical & Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
Background: Centrifugal compressors are dynamic machines utilizing a rotating impeller, efficiently accelerate incoming gases, transforming kinetic energy into pressure energy for compression. They serve a wide range of industries, including air conditioning, refrigeration, gas turbines, industrial processes, and applications such as air compression, gas transportation, and petrochemicals, demonstrating their versatility. Designing a centrifugal compressor poses challenges related to achieving high aerodynamic efficiency, surge and choke control, material selection, rotor dynamics, cavitation, erosion, and addressing environmental considerations while balancing costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Orthop
July 2025
Department of Hand Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
Aims And Objectives: Dynamic incursion of lumbrical muscle proximal to the distal edge of transverse carpal ligament (TCL) has been long debated for its role in causing median nerve compression in the carpal tunnel. This study aims to evaluate the pattern of lumbrical incursion into the carpal tunnel in various finger positions and determine their extent of presence and relationship with respect to the TCL and to each other in the carpal tunnel.
Materials & Methods: Dissection of 30 fresh frozen cadaveric hands was done to map the lumbrical muscles.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedic, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, Guangdong, China.
Before patients begin out-of-bed exercises following internal fixation surgery for acetabular fractures, turning over in bed serves as a crucial intervention to mitigate complications associated with prolonged bed rest. However, data on the safety of this maneuver post-surgery are limited, and the biomechanical evidence remains unclear. This study aims to introduce a novel loading protocol designed to preliminarily simulate the action of turning over in bed and to compare the biomechanical properties of two fixation methods for acetabular fractures under this new protocol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Invertebr Pathol
January 2025
Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Centro de Asociación Simple CIC-PBA, Juan B. Justo 2550, 7600 Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.
Pomacea canaliculata is a highly successful invasive snail that shapes freshwater communities in both native and invaded habitats. We studied its digenean parasites from three freshwater bodies in its native distribution area in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. An integrated approach was used to determine and describe the larval stages of digenean, including morphological, molecular, and histopathology analyses.
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