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Deep learning enhanced transmembranous electromyography in the diagnosis of sleep apnea.
BMC Neurosci
December 2024
Powell Mansfield, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is widespread, under-recognized, and under-treated, impacting the health and quality of life for millions. The current gold standard for sleep apnea testing is based on the in-lab sleep study, which is costly, cumbersome, not readily available and represents a well-known roadblock to managing this huge societal burden. Assessment of neuromuscular function involved in the upper airway using electromyography (EMG) has shown potential to characterize and diagnose sleep apnea, while the development of transmembranous electromyography (tmEMG), a painless surface probe, has made this opportunity practical and highly feasible.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotoredox Activation of Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes: Distonic Radical Cation Reactivity in [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
Article Synopsis
- Altering the reactivity of molecules could resolve current limitations, especially for Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes (DACs) which have relied on Lewis acids for activation.
- Unpolarized alkenes present challenges due to a polarity mismatch with the Lewis acid-mediated zwitterionic intermediate, hindering their coupling.
- Using photoredox catalysis to leverage the distonic radical cation approach successfully navigates this mismatch, allowing for the formation of highly substituted cyclopentanes and facilitating new pathways to create bicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes through a unique [3σ+2σ] cycloaddition process.
Combining the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based immunotherapy: recent advances, challenges, and future prospects.
Front Cell Dev Biol
November 2024
Hematology and blood transfusion science department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
After experiencing many ups and downs, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has reached a milestone as an anti-cancer method, as evidenced by the increasing number of clinical trials and approved products. Nonetheless, there is a real need to optimize CAR-T cell therapy and overcome its existing limitations. The importance of cellular starting material for generating CAR-T cells is undeniable, as the current personalized manufacturing approach is the main roadblock to providing a fast, affordable, and standard treatment for patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetabolic analyses of Yarrowia lipolytica for biopolymer production reveals roadblocks and strategies for microbial utilizing volatile fatty acids as sustainable feedstocks.
Bioresour Technol
February 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how genetically modified Yarrowia lipolytica can convert volatile fatty acids (VFAs) into poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) while identifying metabolic constraints and potential improvements.
- Yarrowia lipolytica struggles with certain VFAs due to toxicity and slow metabolism, particularly with propionate (C3) and acetate, leading to inefficiencies in PHB production.
- Proposed strategies for enhancing acetate utilization include co-consuming it with glucose to balance energy levels, overexpressing certain enzymes to boost acetate uptake, and adjusting metabolic pathways to favor PHB synthesis.
Allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor cell therapies for cancer: progress made and remaining roadblocks.
Nat Rev Clin Oncol
January 2025
Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Department of Paediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are revolutionizing cancer therapy, particularly for haematological malignancies, conferring durable and sometimes curative responses in patients with advanced-stage disease. The CAR T cell products currently approved for clinical use are all autologous and are often effective; however, in patients who are lymphopenic and/or heavily pretreated with chemotherapy, autologous T cells can be difficult to harvest in sufficient numbers or have functional impairments that might ultimately render them less efficacious. Moreover, autologous products take several weeks to produce, and each product can be used in only one patient.
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