Abstract Interest has developed into 7-hydroxylated derivatives of 3β-hydroxylated C19-steroids, such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and epiandrosterone because of their effects on inflammation, immune response, and cell repair. These steroids are not currently available from commercial sources, and it is necessary to produce them for relevant studies. We report here the chemical and biochemical approaches that were used for their production. Simplified chemical approaches lead to the production of 7α-/7β-hydroxy-DHEA and 7β-hydroxy-epiandrosterone in gram quantities, which are made available to researchers. Biochemical approaches were used to produce isotope-labeled compounds. Thus, 2H-, 3H-, and 14C-labeled 7α-/7β-hydroxy-DHEA and 7β-hydroxy-epiandrosterone could be produced in quantities sufficient for use in investigations into their mode of action.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2012-0013 | DOI Listing |
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)
December 2024
Halberg Chronobiology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
This review explores the intricate relationship between glaucoma and circadian rhythm disturbances. As a principal organ for photic signal reception and transduction, the eye plays a pivotal role in coordinating the body's circadian rhythms through specialized retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), particularly intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs). These cells are critical in transmitting light signals to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the central circadian clock that synchronizes physiological processes to the 24-hour light-dark cycle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIran J Parasitol
January 2024
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science, Assam, India.
A 2-year-old female Assam Hill goat was presented with a clinical history of anorexia, fever, mild anemia, rough body coat, dehydration, tachycardia, dyspnea and swelling of palpable lymph nodes. Hematology revealed low hemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cell and thrombocyte count. Biochemical analysis showed increased serum concentration of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine and urea in comparison to the normal reference range.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Endocrinol (Lausanne)
December 2024
One Health Research Group, Universidad de las Americas, Quito, Ecuador.
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors derived from chromaffin cells, with 80-85% originating in the adrenal medulla and 15-20% from extra-adrenal chromaffin tissues (paragangliomas). Approximately 30-40% of PPGLs have a hereditary component, making them one of the most genetically predisposed tumor types. Recent advances in genetic research have classified PPGLs into three molecular clusters: pseudohypoxia-related, kinase-signaling, and -signaling pathway variants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
December 2024
Soil Science Division, Bangaldesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Nashipur, Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh.
Heat shock, a transient exposure to high temperatures, is a substantial hazard to rice ( L.) production and sustainability. The objective of this review paper is to summarize the impact of heat shock on rice and explore approaches to mitigate its adverse effects to achieve sustainable production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTurk J Med Sci
December 2024
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkiye.
Background/aim: Final diagnosis of heart failure (HF) relies on a combination clinical findings, laboratory and imaging tests. The aim of this study was to review the diagnostic approach to HF in Türkiye.
Materials And Methods: This study is a subanalysis of the nationwide TRends-HF study, based on anonymized data from National Electronic Database between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2022.
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