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Microbial Colonization, Biofilm Formation, and Malodour of Washing Machine Surfaces and Fabrics and the Evolution of Detergents in Response to Consumer Demands and Environmental Concerns.
Antibiotics (Basel)
December 2024
Microbiology at Interfaces, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK.
Bacterial attachment and biofilm formation are associated with the contamination and fouling at several locations in a washing machine, which is a particularly complex environment made from a range of metal, polymer, and rubber components. Microorganisms also adhere to different types of clothing fibres during the laundering process as well as a range of sweat, skin particles, and other components. This can result in fouling of both washing machine surfaces and clothes and the production of malodours.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Remnants of laundry detergent ingredients are suspected to be in constant contact with the skin. Allergy sufferers need assurance that the chemicals in everyday products do not cause such disruption. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects and tolerability of common laundry detergents on the skin microbiome in individuals with atopic dermatitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDihydroxypropyl Chitosan: A Biorenewable Platform for the Design of Novel Fabric Care Additives.
Ind Eng Chem Res
December 2024
Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8QB, U.K.
The design of more sustainable and eco-friendly solutions is one of the central challenges in the formulation of today's laundry products. Water-soluble polymers are indispensable additives in laundry detergents as they play a wide range of functions. At present, the vast majority of these are still produced from petrochemical resources.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficacy of laundry practices in eliminating monkeypox virus (MPXV) from fabrics.
J Infect Dis
December 2024
Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2002-6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Background: The declaration of mpox as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern highlights the need for interventions to interrupt virus transmission, including transmission via fabrics. Current World Health Organization guidance on clothes washing is based on a general consensus of virus inactivation; however, there is uncertainty about the efficacy of laundry detergents and disinfectants or the reduction of risk achieved by washing clothes for monkeypox virus (MPXV) specifically.
Methods: This study investigates the efficacy of manual washing for inactivating MPXV from clothes.
Joint aerobic biodegradation of synthetic and natural textile microfibers and laundry surfactants.
J Hazard Mater
November 2024
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Fuente Nueva s/n., 18071 Granada, Spain.
Microfibers (MFs) represent one of the most prominent sources of microplastics in aquatic environments, primarily released during textile washing alongside surfactants found in laundry detergents. This study aimed to investigate the biodegradability of natural (cotton) and synthetic (polyester) MFs individually and in combination with two surfactants: sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS, anionic) and polyoxyethylene glycerol ester (PGE-OE6, nonionic). Using the OECD 301 F test, the research assessed biodegradation patterns and environmental interactions.
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