Cytotoxic ribonucleases such as the leopard frog derivative Ranpirnase (Onconase(®)) have emerged as a valuable new class of cancer therapeutics. Clinical trials employing single agent Ranpirnase in cancer patients have demonstrated significant clinical activity and surprisingly low immunogenicity. However, dose-limiting toxicity due to unspecific uptake of the RNase into non-cancerous cells is reached at relatively low concentrations of > 1 mg/m(2). We have in the present study generated a dimeric anti-EGFR Ranpirnase-diabody fusion protein capable to deliver two Ranpirnase moieties per molecule to EGFR-positive tumour cells. We show that this compound mediated far superior efficacy for killing EGFR-positive tumour cells than a monomeric counterpart. Most importantly, cell killing was restricted to EGFR-positive target cells and no dose-limiting toxicity of Ranpirnase-diabody was observed in mice. These data indicate that by targeted delivery of Ranpirnase non-selective toxicity can be abolished and suggests Ranpirnase-diabody as a promising new drug for therapeutic interventions in EGFR-positive cancers.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2014.11.054DOI Listing

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