Better understanding of fish behavior is vital for recovery of many endangered species including salmon. The Juvenile Salmon Acoustic Telemetry System (JSATS) was developed to observe the out-migratory behavior of juvenile salmonids tagged by surgical implantation of acoustic micro-transmitters and to estimate the survival when passing through dams on the Snake and Columbia Rivers. A robust three-dimensional solver was needed to accurately and efficiently estimate the time sequence of locations of fish tagged with JSATS acoustic transmitters, to describe in sufficient detail the information needed to assess the function of dam-passage design alternatives. An approximate maximum likelihood solver was developed using measurements of time difference of arrival from all hydrophones in receiving arrays on which a transmission was detected. Field experiments demonstrated that the developed solver performed significantly better in tracking efficiency and accuracy than other solvers described in the literature.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07215 | DOI Listing |
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin─Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.
Hydrazides are known to catalyze reactions of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes via transient iminium formation. The iminium intermediate displays enhanced electrophilicity, which facilitates conjugate additions and cycloadditions. We observed that a hydrazide embedded in a seven-membered ring catalyzes homoaldol condensation of a simple aldehyde in a process that displays an approximate second-order dependence on the hydrazide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62512, Egypt.
This paper presents a novel investigation of a magnetic sensor that employs Fano/Tamm resonance within the photonic band gap of a one-dimensional crystal structure. The design incorporates a thin layer of gold (Au) alongside a periodic arrangement of Tantalum pentoxide ([Formula: see text]) and Cesium iodide ([Formula: see text]) in the configuration [Formula: see text]. We utilized the transfer matrix method in conjunction with the Drude model to analyze the formation of Fano/Tamm states and the permittivity of the metallic layer, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpilepsy Behav Rep
March 2025
Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
For patients with drug-resistant epilepsy who are not candidates for epilepsy surgery, Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is the most widely available neuromodulation option and has been available in several countries for 30 years. Given its broad availability and extended history on the market, many healthcare providers (HCPs) have developed individualized practice habits regarding the titration and dosing of VNS. This study provides novel evidence to describe the extent to which VNS management differs among providers and discusses recent literature that indicates how unique programming approaches may impact patient outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100032, China.
Investigating the physiological mechanisms in the motor cortex during rehabilitation exercises is crucial for assessing stroke patients' progress. This study developed a single-channel Jansen neural mass model to explore the relationship between model parameters and motor cortex mechanisms. Firstly, EEG signals were recorded from 11 healthy participants under 20%, 40%, and 60% maximum voluntary contraction, and alpha rhythm power spectral density characteristics were extracted using the Welch power spectrum method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
December 2024
Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
This study introduces a novel water-insoluble dispersant for coal water slurry (CWS), namely, a poly(sodium styrene sulfonate)- SiO nanoparticle (SiO--PSSNa). SiO--PSSNa was synthesized by combining the surface acylation reaction with surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) verified that SiO--PSSNa with the desired structure was successfully obtained.
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