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Diagnostic Decision-Making Variability Between Novice and Expert Optometrists for Glaucoma: Comparative Analysis to Inform AI System Design.
JMIR Med Inform
January 2025
Department of Systems Design Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Background: While expert optometrists tend to rely on a deep understanding of the disease and intuitive pattern recognition, those with less experience may depend more on extensive data, comparisons, and external guidance. Understanding these variations is important for developing artificial intelligence (AI) systems that can effectively support optometrists with varying degrees of experience and minimize decision inconsistencies.
Objective: The main objective of this study is to identify and analyze the variations in diagnostic decision-making approaches between novice and expert optometrists.
Deep Thermalization in Gaussian Continuous-Variable Quantum Systems.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
National University of Singapore, Department of Physics, Singapore 117551.
We uncover emergent universality arising in the equilibration dynamics of multimode continuous-variable systems. Specifically, we study the ensemble of pure states supported on a small subsystem of a few modes, generated by Gaussian measurements on the remaining modes of a globally pure bosonic Gaussian state. We find that beginning from highly entangled, complex global states, such as random Gaussian states and product squeezed states coupled via a deep array of linear optical elements, the induced ensemble attains a universal form, independent of the choice of measurement basis: it is composed of unsqueezed coherent states whose displacements are distributed normally and isotropically, with variance depending on only the particle-number density of the system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronic wounds, due to their high prevalence, are a serious global health concern. Effective therapeutic strategies can significantly accelerate healing, thereby reducing the risk of complications and alleviating the economic burden on healthcare systems. Although numerous experimental studies have investigated wound healing, most rely on qualitative observations or quantitative direct measurements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative Efficacy and Acceptability of Non-surgical Treatments with or without Exercise for Diastasis Recti Abdominis in Postpartum Women: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Sports Med
January 2025
Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Background: Diastasis recti abdominis (DRA), commonly occurring in postpartum women, is not only an aesthetic issue but is also highly associated with functional impairments. Various conservative treatment modalities have been employed in clinical practice to alleviate DRA. However, the comparative efficacy of these non-surgical treatments for improving the inter-recti distance (IRD) remains to be determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWavefront aberrations in aging measured with Hartmann-Shack at 3- and 5-mm pupil sizes.
Optom Vis Sci
January 2025
School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.
Significance: Visual acuity (VA) depends on many factors. When the goal is to assess retinal health rather than performance, then using a 3-mm pupil reduces unwanted wavefront aberrations. The axis of astigmatism can still potentially change with age.
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