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A bespoke water T-maze apparatus and protocol: an optimized, reliable, and repeatable method for screening learning, memory, and executive functioning in laboratory mice.
Front Behav Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States.
The Morris Water Maze (MWM) is the most commonly used assay for evaluating learning and memory in laboratory mice. Despite its widespread use, contemporary reviews have highlighted substantial methodological variation in experimental protocols and that the associated testing procedures are acutely (each trial) and chronically (testing across days) stressful; stress impairs attention, memory consolidation and the retrieval of learned information. Moreover, the interpretation of behavior within the MWM is often difficult because of wall hugging, non-spatial swim strategies, floating, and jumping off the escape platform.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWaveform geometry dictating optimal cruising in animals.
J R Soc Interface
December 2024
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
For sustained swimming and flights, vertebrates and insects oscillate their propulsors periodically within a narrow range of Strouhal number (St), a dimensionless quantity describing the rate and density of the motion, suggesting a close relationship between the range and cruising optimality. The persistence of this range across size and fluids has puzzled biologists and engineers, resulting in multiple interpretations of its cause. Here, we propose that the optimal St range is largely constrained by power output efficiency of the trailing edge of the caudal fin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpecializing When It Counts: Comparing the Dose-Time Effect of Distance Variety between Swimming and Track Running.
Sports (Basel)
October 2024
Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, SE-831 25 Östersund, Sweden.
Objective: To conduct a longitudinal retrospective analysis, explore the relationship between success at peak performance age and the number of different race distances athletes competed in each year (within-sport distance variety), and compare the dose-time effect of this distance variety throughout the development process between male swimmers and track runners.
Methodology: Male swimmers ( = 6033) and track runners ( = 19,278) still competing at peak performance age were ranked, and the number of different race distances was extracted retrospectively for each year until early junior age (13-14-year-old category) from the databases of the European Aquatics and World Athletics federations. Firstly, correlation analysis determined the relationship between ranking at peak performance age and distance variety.
Rapid identification of primary atopic disorders (PAD) by a clinical landmark-guided, upfront use of genomic sequencing.
Allergol Select
October 2024
Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Helios Hospital Krefeld, Academic Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Krefeld.
Article Synopsis
- Primary atopic disorders (PAD) are rare genetic conditions caused by specific gene variants that affect skin and immune function, making diagnosis challenging among common allergic disease cases.
- Identifying PAD requires recognizing clinical red flags like family history and unusual infections, as conventional lab tests are inadequate for definitive diagnosis.
- Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) enhances diagnostic efficiency and accuracy, but requires careful interpretation and collaboration among specialists to effectively manage PAD cases.
Effect of hyperbaric exposure on cognitive performance: an investigation conducting numerical Stroop tasks during a simulated 440 m sea water saturation diving.
J Physiol Anthropol
October 2024
Undersea Medical Center, JMSDF, Tauraminatocho Mubanchi, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0071, Japan.
Background: Saturation diving (SD) is useful and safe in deep diving for long durations. Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) Undersea Medical Center (UMC) maintained safely deep 45 ATA SDHowever, cognitive performance was reportedly impaired by hyperbaric exposure in over 31 atmosphere absolute (ATA) SD. This study investigated the effects of hyperbaric exposure during 45 ATA deep SD on expert divers' cognitive function using Stroop tasks, a useful method to examine cognitive function, especially in narrow spaces such as SD chambers.
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