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Etiology, Clinical Profiles, and Outcomes of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Cases Admitted to a Tertiary Care Center in Myanmar in 2023.
Diagnostics (Basel)
October 2024
Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Yangon 11191, Myanmar.
Background/objectives: The diagnosis of encephalitis is a challenging problem due to the heterogeneity of clinical presentations. The objective was to determine the etiology, clinical features, laboratory parameters, radiological findings, and in-hospital outcome of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) cases in Myanmar.
Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted at the Neuromedical Ward of Yangon General Hospital from March to August 2023.
Probable Causative Agents and Demographic Patterns of Encephalitis, Meningitis, and Meningoencephalitis in a Single Tertiary Care Center.
Cureus
September 2024
College of Basic Medical Science, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU.
Article Synopsis
- Encephalitis, meningitis, and meningoencephalitis pose major clinical challenges due to their varied causes and serious complications, necessitating a high suspicion index for effective treatment.
- The study conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Jeddah analyzed data from 233 patients, revealing that meningitis was the most common diagnosis, primarily caused by bacterial agents, particularly impacting younger children and older adults with higher mortality rates.
- The findings highlight the need for accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plans to improve patient outcomes, suggesting further research is necessary to refine healthcare strategies for these neurological infections.
Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of neuropsychiatric lupus.
Nat Rev Rheumatol
November 2024
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University and Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Neuropsychiatric manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are common and frequently associated with a substantial negative impact on health outcomes. The pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) remains largely unknown, but a single pathogenic mechanism is unlikely to be responsible for the heterogeneous array of clinical manifestations, and a combination of inflammatory and ischaemic mechanistic pathways have been implicated. Currently, valid and reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of NPSLE are lacking, and differentiating NPSLE from nervous system dysfunction not caused by SLE remains a major challenge for clinicians.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinicopathological Evaluation of the Patients with Febrile Illness and Altered Consciousness Admitted in a Tertiary Level Hospital.
Mymensingh Med J
October 2024
Dr Md Forhad Hossain Hera, Resident Physician (Medicine), Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
Article Synopsis
- Altered mental status is a symptom rather than a disease, signaling various potential diagnoses, particularly when it appears with fever.
- A structured assessment can effectively diagnose underlying causes and differentiate between structural and medical issues based on neurological findings.
- A study conducted in Bangladesh found that among 100 patients with febrile illness and altered consciousness, common causes included pneumonia (26%), urinary tract infections (22%), and meningitis (18%).
Long-term outcomes in antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis: a retrospective study.
J Neurol
December 2024
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1St ST SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
Background And Objective: Despite constituting one-third of suspected autoimmune encephalitis (AE) patients, antibody-negative cases without typical AE features are understudied. We aim to characterize the clinical phenotypes and long-term outcomes of "possible only" and "probable" AE cases.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of adult patients evaluated at Mayo Clinic's Autoimmune Neurology Clinic (01/01/2006-12/31/2020), meeting diagnostic criteria for "possible only" or "probable but antibody-negative" AE, with ≥ 1 year of follow-up.
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