[The cardiovagal, cardiosympathetic and vasosympathetic arterial baroreflexes and the neural control of short-term blood pressure].

Introduction: The factors that control the blood pressure are punctually regulated to keep it in reference values. These are maintained through autoregulatory mechanisms, humoral, nervous and endothelial-related. The humoral mechanisms are complex and modify the long-term blood pressure, in the other hand, the neurogenic mechanisms, are reflexive and can be observed in beat-to-beat changes of blood pressure.

Development: The nervous cardiovascular reflexes are mediated by high-pressure and low-pressure baroreceptors, as cardiovagal, cardiosympathetic and vasosympathetic. The arterial baroreceptor are stimulated when the blood volume-ejected by the ventricle distend the arterial walls. The neural discharge travels to the autonomic centers in the brain stem and the result is the modification of the heart rate and the vascular smooth muscle tone. This sudden modification is the responsible of the beat-to-beat (short-term) blood pressure variability.

Conclusion: A review was made on the history of the physiology and experiments of the cardiovagal, cardiosympathetic and vasosympathetic baroreflexes and its influence in the short-term blood pressure variability.