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Eur J Epidemiol
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada.
The risk over a given time span can be calculated as one minus the exponentiated value of the negative of the integral of the incidence density function (or hazard rate function) over that time span. This relationship is widely used but, in the few instances where textbooks have presented it, the derivations of it tend to be purely mathematical. I first review the historical contexts, definitions, distinctions and links.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Sci
January 2025
School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
Intracellular viscosity is a critical microenvironmental factor in various biological systems, and its abnormal increase is closely linked to the progression of many diseases. Therefore, precisely controlling the release of bioactive molecules in high-viscosity regions is vital for understanding disease mechanisms and advancing their diagnosis and treatment. However, viscosity alone cannot directly trigger chemical reactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pharmacol Toxicol
January 2025
Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264100, PR China.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), a hallmark of age-related cognitive decline, is defined by its unique neuropathology. Metabolic dysregulation, particularly involving glutamine (Gln) metabolism, has emerged as a critical but underexplored aspect of AD pathophysiology, representing a significant gap in our current understanding of the disease.
Methods: To investigate the involvement of GlnMgs in AD, we conducted a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
January 2025
Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
RNA viruses have high genetic diversity, allowing rapid adaptation to environmental pressures, such as disinfection. This diversity increases the likelihood of mutations influencing the viral sensitivity to disinfectants. Ethanol is widely used to control viral transmission; however, insufficient disinfection facilitates the survival of less-sensitive viruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychiatry
January 2025
School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
Background: While the constitutive features of problematic social media use (PSMU) have been formulated, there has been a lack of studies in the field examining the structure of relationships among PSMU components.
Method: This study employed network analytic methods to investigate the connectivity among PSMU components in a large sample of 1,136 college student social media users ( = 19.69, = 1.
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